HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 7 New Questions and Ideas

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 7 New Questions and Ideas Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 7 New Questions and Ideas

HBSE 6th Class History New Questions and Ideas Textbook Questions and Answers

Let’s Recall

Question 1.
Describe the ways in which the Buddha tried to spread his message to the people.
Answer:
Buddha tried to spread his message of being kind and respecting the lives of people in the following ways:

• Buddha taught the people Prakrit, which was the language of the ordinary people so that it was understood by ordinary people.
• He also encouraged people to think for themselves rather to simply accept what he said.
• Buddha moved from place to place to give his message to all the people.
• Buddha himself led a simple life so that people could follow him.

Question 2.
Write whether true or false :

• The Buddha encouraged animal sacrifices.
• Sarnath is important because it was the place where Buddha taught for the first time.
• The Buddha taught that Karma has no effect on our lives.
• The Buddha attained enlightenment at Bodh Gaya.
• Upanishadic thinkers believe that raja ‘ and brahmin were ultimately one.

Answer:

• False
• True
• False
• True
• True

Question 3.
What were the questions that upanishadic thinkers wanted to answer?
Answer:
The questions which upanishadic thinkers wanted to answer were :

• They wanted to know about life after death.
• They wanted to know why sacrifices should be performed.
• They believed that there was something permanent in the universe that would last even after death. They described this as ‘atman’ or individual soul.
• They believed that ultimately both the atman and the brahman were one.

Question 4.
What were the main teachings of the Mahavira?
Answer:
The main teachings of Mahavira were:

• Men and women who wished to know the truth must leave their homes.
• Men and women must follow very strictly the rules of ahimsa, i.e., not hurting or killing living beings.
• All beings long to live. To all things life is dear.

Let’s Discuss

Question 5.
Why do you think Anagha’s mother wanted her to know the story of Buddha?
Answer:
Anagha’s mother wanted her to know about the story of the Buddha because she was going on a school trip to Varanasi. Varanasi has many places like Sarnath, which are closely related to the life of Buddha. It would have enriched her knowledge about one of the greatest teacher and preacher of ancient times.

Question 6.
Do you think it would have been easy for slaves to join the ‘sangha’ ? Give reasons for your answers.
Answer:
Yes, slaves can join ‘Sangha’. Buddhism doesn’t believe in casteism. Any person who was ready to act on Buddhist Rule can join Sangha. Slaves can only join Sanghas, when he got the permission of his master and debtors that of his creditors.

Let’s Do

Question 7.
Make a list of at least five ideas and questions mentioned in this lesson.
Choose three from the list and discuss why you think they are important even today.
Answer:
The list of five ideas and questions mention in this lesson is given below:

• What was the languages used to compose Vedas?
• What was Buddha trying to teach the sorrowing Kisagotami?
• How did the beggar convince the sages to share their food?
• What are the varnas mentioned here? Were all four varnas allowed to participate in the ashrams?
• What does the Buddhist texts tell us?

Discussion:

• Sanskrit was the language used to compose Vedas. She is the mother of all ancient languages.
• He was trying to teach the sorrowing Kisagotami that death is the part of life and there is life after death.
• The Buddhist texts tells us that the varnas and ranks system will vanish if the followers of Buddha join the order of monk.

Question 8.
Find out more about men and women who renounce the world today. Where do they live, what kind of clothes do they wear, what do they eat ? Why do they renounce the world ?
Answer:
Make the chart with the help of your class teacher and hang it on the wall of your class room. You can write about any person who renounce the society, the country and the whole world. For your help some clues are given below:

Renounce: One who gives worldly pleasure. Try to find out the man/woman who does that work. Write his standard of living, where does he live and what he eats. In the end conclude that whatever they were capable to renounce the world or they are doing so.

HBSE 6th Class History New Questions and Ideas War Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Who were the supporters of traders. It spread to different parts of north India Jainism? Where did it spread in India? and to Gujarat, Tamilnadu and Karnataka.
Answer:
Jainism was mainly supported by traders. It spread to different parts of north India and to Gujarat, Tamilnadu and Karnataka.

Question 2.
Who later developed the upanishadic ideas?
Answer:
Upanishadic ideas were later developed by the famous thinker Shankaracharya.

Question 3.
What are Upanishads?
Answer:
‘Upanishad’ literally means approaching and sitting near and the text of Upanishads contains conversations between teachers and students.

Question 4.
Who were the upanishadic thinkers and teachers?
Answer:
Most upanishadic thinkers and teachers were men, especially brahmins and rajas. Some women thinkers like Gargi, Who was famous for learning, also participated in debates held in the royal court. Poor people did not take part in the discussions. One such exception was Satyakama Jabala, the son of the slave mother Jabala.

Question 5.
Why did farmers find it difficult to follow the rule of Jainism?
Answer:
Farmers found it difficult to follow the rules of Jainism because they had to kill insects to protect their crops.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Where were the changes in the lives of people about 2500 years ago?
Answer:

• Some kings in the Mahajanapadas were growing more powerful.
• New cities were developing.
• Life was changing in the cities as well.

Question 2.
How did Buddha become enlightened?
Answer:
When Buddha was young, he wanted to gain knowledge and for that purpose, he left the comforts of his home. He wandered for several years meeting and holding discussions with other thinkers. He, then mediated for days under a peepal tree at Bodh Gaya in Bihar. There he became enlightened.

Question 3.
What did Buddha tell why is life full of suffering and unhappiness?
Answer:
According to Buddha life is full of suffering and unhappiness because we have carings and desires. Sometimes even if we get what we want, we are not satisfied.

Question 4.
What kind of life did the followers of Mahavira have to live?
Answer:

• The followers of Mahavira had to lead very simple lives, begging for food.
• They had to be absolutely honest.
• They were especially asked not to steal.
• They had to observe celibacy.
• Men had to give up everything, including their clothes.

Question 5.
Who could join Sangha?
Answer:

• All men could join the Sangha.
• Children had to take permission of their parents and slaves that of their masters.
• The king’s workers and the debtors had to take permission of the king and the creditors respectively.
• Women had to take the permission of their husbands.

Question 6.
Why were monasteries built?
Answer:
To begin with, both Jaina and Buddhist monks went from place to place throughout the year, teaching people about their religions. The only time they stayed in one place was during the rainy season, when it was very difficult to travel.

As time passed on, the supporters of the monks built temporary shelters for them in gardens or they lived in natural caves in hilly areas. Then, several supporters of monks and nuns and they themselves, felt the need for more permanent shelters. So, monasteries were built.

Question 7.
What were the four ashrams prescribed ? How did the system of ashrams help men and women?
Answer:
The four ashrams were :

• Brahmacharya : The early years of life when Brahmin, Kshatriya and Vaishya were supposed to lead simple life.
• Grihastha : They had to marry and live as householders.
• Vanaprastha : They had to live in the forest and mediate.
• Sanyasins : They had to give up everything.

The system of ashrams allowed men to spend some part of their lives in mediation. Women had to follow the ashrams chosen by their husbands.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Compare and contrast Buddhism and Jainism.
Answer:
Compare:

• Both ignored the ideas of God and laid great stress upon a pure and moral life.
• Both laid stress on the effects of good and bad deeds upon a man’s future birth and ultimate salvation.
• Both opposed the caste system and inequalities among men.
• Both preached Ahimsa or non-violence.
• Both the Buddha and Mahavira were Kshatriya princess, who founded Buddhism and Jainism.
• Both preached their religions in the simple languages of the people.

Contrast:

• Jainism laid greatest stress upon asceticism and practised it in a very vigorous manner, whereas Buddhism discarded it and asked his followers to follow the middle path.
• The Jains see life even in stones and plants while the Buddhists care only for men and animals who should not be injured or killed.
• Both differ in fundamental conceptions about salvation. The Jain’s conception of soul is radically different from the Buddhist.
• The Buddha kept silent about God, while Mahavira denied the existence of the creator.
• Both have separate scriptures. The Jain scripture is called ‘Angas’ while the Buddhists have ‘Tripitikas’.

Question 2.
What are the basic differences between the principles of Buddhistic sects of  Mahayana and Hinayana?
Answer:

Mahayana	Hinayana
1. They treated Lord Buddha as a deity and worshipped his idol.	1. They treated the Lord Buddha as a symbol, of idealism and purity.
2. They overstressed belief and devotion.	2. They believed the religious teachings only after getting it confirmed on the basis of debate.
3. They used Sanskrit.	3. Their entire literature was in Pali language.

Question 3.
What were the rules made for the Buddhist sangha?
Answer:
The rules made for the Buddhist sangha are written down in a book cabled Vinaya Pi taka. From this we know that there were separate branches for men and women. All men could join the sangha. However, children had to take the permission of their parents, women of their husbands and slaves of their masters. Men and women who joined the sangha had to lead a simple life. They meditated for most of the time and wyent to cities to beg for food during fixed hours. That is why, they were known as bhikkhus (beggars) and bhikkunis. They taught others and helped one another. They held meetings to settle any quarrels within the sangha. Most of them wrote down the teachings of Buddha and composed poems describing the life of the sangha.

New Questions and Ideas Class 6 HBSE Notes

• Tanha : Thirst or trishna is called tanha. It is lust, to have more and more in life.
• Prakrit: It was the language of the ordinary people. The Buddha taught his disciples and- other people through this language so that everybody could understand his message.
• Upanishad : These are the philosophical books of the Hindus. These were part of the later Vedic texts.
• Upanishad literally means ‘approaching and sitting near’ and the texts contain conversations between teachers and students.
• Atman : It means soul or individual soul. It is something permanent in the universe. It would last even after the death.
• Brahman : It means the universal soul. Individual’s soul is part of Brahma. Indian thinkers believe that ultimately, both the atman and the Brahman are one.
• Ahimsa: The Jain rule of ahimsa means not hurting or killing living beings.
• Viharas: The monasteries where monks lived were called Viharas.
• Buddhism: The religion founded by the Buddha (Gautama/Siddhartha) was Buddhism.
• Chaitya: A shrine of Buddhism is called Chaitya.
• Jina: A person who has true knowledge or one who has gained true knowledge.