HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 8 Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 8 Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 8 Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War

HBSE 6th Class History Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War Textbook Questions and Answers

Let’s Recall

Question 1.
Make a list of the occupations of the people who lived within the Mauryan empire.
Answer:
The list of the occupations of the people who lived within Mauryan empire is given below:
Main occupations:

  • Agriculture
  • Artisans
  • Herdsmen
  • Carpenters
  • Many people employed in royal army
  • Government officials
  • Stone cutting.

Question 2.
Complete the following sentences:

  1. Officials collected _________ from the area under the direct control of the ruler.
  2. Royal princes often went to the provinces as _________.
  3. The Mauryan rulers tried to control _________ and _________ which were important for transport.
  4. People in forested regions provided the Mauryan officials with _________.

Answer:

  1. taxes
  2. Governors
  3. roads, rivers
  4. tribute.

HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 8 Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War

Question 3.
State whether true or false :

  1. Ujjain was the gateway to the north-west.
  2. Chandragupta’s ideas were written down in Arthashastra.
  3. Kalinga was the ancient name of Bengal.
  4. Most Ashokan inscription are in the Brahmi script.

Answer:

  1. False
  2. False
  3. False
  4. True

Let’s Discuss

Question 4.
What were the problems that Ashoka wanted to solve by introducing dhamma?
Answer:
The problems that Ashoka tried to solve by introducing dhamma were:

  • The different religions followed by people led to conflicts.
  • Sacrifice of animals for religion.
  • Ill-treatment given to slaves and servants.
  • Quarrels in families and amongst neighbours.

Question 5.
What were the means adopted by Ashoka to spread the message of dhamma?
Answer:

  • Ashoka appointed officials known as the dhamma mahamatta who went from place 1 to place teaching people about dhamma.
  • Ashoka got his messages inscribed on rocks and pillars, instructing his officials to read his message to those who could not read it themselves.
  • Ashoka sent messengers to spread ideas about dhamma to other lands such as Syria, Egypt, Greece and Sri Lanka.

Question 6.
Why do you think that slaves and servants were ill-treated ? Do you think the orders of the emperor would have improved their condition ? Give reasons for your answer.
Answer:
We think that the slaves and the servants were ill-treated in the society because their masters felt superior to them. The masters treated them as animals. It was because of the old ‘varna’ system. The emperor’s orders might have helped to some extent. Ashoka was a king who was loved by his subjects. Moreover his ‘dhamma’ was a realistic innovation.

HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 8 Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War

Let’s Do

Question 7.
Write a short paragraph explaining Roshan why the lions are shown on our currency notes? List at least one other object on which you see them.
Answer:
If you look at the Ashokan pillar at Samath (or a picture of it) you will find the capital of the pillar that has 4 lions sitting back to back. The lion represents the attainment ofBuddhahood. The four lions suimountiugthe capital symbolize the kingship of the Buddha and his roar over the four directions.

There is also a non-religious interpretation to the symbol, describing the four lions as the symbol of Ashoka’s rule in the four directions. Just as Buddha and his follower Ashoka , wanted to spread the message of peace and friendship, Similarly India after she gained independence wanted to spread the same message. So India adopted the emblem of 4 lions after she gained independence.

We can find this emblems on the cars of the President of India, Prime Minister and the others Indian dignitaries. It can also be seen on the s epaulette.

Question 8.
Suppose you had the power to inscribe your orders, what four commands would you like to issue?
Answer:
I would like to issue the following four commands :

  • Slavery be abolished.
  • Animal sacrifice be banned.
  • Respect and regard the others’ religions.
  • Respect the elders and love the youngsters.

HBSE 6th Class History Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Who was Megasthenese?
Answer:
Megasthenese was a Greek ambassador who was sent to the court of Chandragupta by the Greek ruler of West Asia named Seleucus Nikator. He left an interesting account about what he saw in the country.

Question 2.
What is a dynasty?
Answer:
When members of the same family become rulers one after another, the family is often called a dynasty.

Question 3.
Who were the dharam mahamatras?
Answer:
Dharam mahamatras were the officials appointed by Ashoka, who went from place to place to teach people about Dhamma.

Question 4.
What was unique about Maury an ruler, Ashoka?
Answer:
Maury an ruler Ashoka was the first ruler who tried to take his message to the people through inscriptions.

HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 8 Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War

Question 5.
Name the only war fought by Ashoka. WTiy did he give up warfare?
Answer:
The only war fought by Ashoka was with Kalinga. It is the ancient name of Coastal Orissa. He won the war after lots ofbloodshed. However, he was so horrified when he saw bloodshed, violence and carnage, that he decided not to fight any more wars. He is the only king in the history of the world to give up warfare after winning the battle.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How are empires different from kingdoms?
Answer:

  • Emperors need more resources than kings because empires are larger than kingdoms, and need to be protected by big armies.
  • Empires need a larger number of officials who collect taxes.

Question 2.
How was ‘tribute’ different from regular taxes?
Answer:

  • Taxes – Taxes were collected on a regular basis.
  • Tribute – Tribute was collected as. and when it was possible from people who gave a variety of things, more or less willingly.

Question 3.
How were the provinces governed during the rule of the Mauryas?
Answer:
Each province was rules from the provincial capital such as Taxila or Ujjain. The royal princes were sent as governors, and local customs and rules were observed. There was overall control from Pataliputra.

Question 4.
Write about any three big or promi-nent .cities of the Mauryan empire. Why were these cities popular (or famous)?
Answer:

  • Pataliputra, the capital town of the Mauryan empire. It was main centre of all political activities and administration.
  • Taxila, (now-a-days in modern Pakistan) was a gateway to the northwest, including central Asia.
  • Ujjain, lay on the route from north (India) to south India. Merchants, officials and crafts persons probably lived in all the above mentioned three cities.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Where did Megasthenes come from? What did he write bout Chandragupta – his capital, his court, the people and their occupations?
Answer:
Megasthenes was Ambassador of Seleucus Nicator, the ruler of the eastern parts of Alexander’s empire. He was sent to the court of Chandragupta Maurya.

His account: Megasthenes has written that Chandragupta’s court was very magnificient. The king lived in great pomp and show. He personally listened to the grievances of people. He had a very large army too.

According to Megasthenes, Pataliputra was a grand city surrounded by four walls. Most of the buildings were made of wood. The royal : palace was made of stone.

Most of the people were farmers who lived happily in villages. Shepherds and cowherds lived in villages, too. The artisans – weavers, carpenters, ironsmiths and potters live in towns. The trade was quite brisk.

HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 8 Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War

Question 2.
Describe the administration of Mauryan empire.
Answer:

  • The area around Pataliputra was under the direct control of the emperor. The officials were appointed to collect taxes from farmers, herders, crafts persons and traders.
  • Officials punished those who disobeyed ruler’s orders.
  • Messengers went to and fro, and spies kept a watch on the officials.
  • The emperor supervised the officials with the help of members the royal family, and senior ministers.
  • Some areas or provinces were ruled from a provincial capital such as Taxila or Ujjain.
  • In some other vast areas, Mauryas tried to control roads and rivers which were important for transport and to collect whatever resources were available as tax and tribute.

Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War Class 6 HBSE Notes

  • Provinces : A state of an empire or a part of the vast empire.
  • Dynasty : A series of ruler belonging to the same ruler-class (family).
  • Capital: A city state if an empire is known as capital of the empire.
  • Cavalry : Group of soldiers who fought in battlefield on horseback.
  • Infantry : Soldiers who fought on foot on the battlefield.
  • Dhamma Mahamatyas: Ashoka’s officers travelled around the country and persuaded the people to follow the Dhamma.
  • Edicts : Orders proclaimed by an authority decrees.
  • Dhamma : A code of morality enacted by Ashoka for his people to lead a peaceful and virtuous life.
  • Brahmi : A script used in ancient times in India.
  • Prakrit: A language spoken by the common people in ancient times.

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