Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
Haryana Board 7th Class Science Solutions Chapter 10 Respiration in Organisms
HBSE 7th Class Science Respiration in Organisms Textbook Questions and Answers
Question 1.
Why does an athlete breathe faster and deeper than usual after finishing the race?
Answer:
During the race, the athlete has to run very fast. The demand for energy at that time increases, which increase the demand for more supply of oxygen, so, athlete has to breathe faster and deep to inhale more oxygen.
Question 2.
List the similarities and differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration.
Answer:
Differences between aerobic and anaerobic respiration :
| Aerobic Respiration | Anaerobic Respiration |
| 1. It occurs in the presence of oxygen. | 1. It occurs in absence of oxygen. |
| 2. Food molecules are broken down into water and carbon dioxide. | 2. Food molecules are broken down into ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide. |
| 3. Large amount of energy is released. | 3. Small amount of energy is released. |
Similarities : (Both aerobic and anaerobic respiration produce energy and give out carbon dioxide.
Question 3.
Why do we often sneeze when we inhale, a lot of dust-laden air?
Answer:
We sneeze to get rid of the unwanted particles like dust etc from our body. It allows only clean and dust free air to enter our body.
Question 4.
Take three test tubes. Fill 3/4th of each tube with water. Label them A, B and C. Keep a snail in test tube A; a water plant in test tube B and in C, keep snail and plant both. Which test tube will have highest concentration of CO2?
Answer:
There will be highest concentration of CO2 in tube A.
Question 5.
Tick the correct answer :
(a) In cockroaches air enters the body through :
(i) Lungs
(ii) Gills
(iii) Spiracles
(iv) Skin
Answer:
(iii) Spiracles
(b) During heavy exercise, we get cramps in the legs due to the accumulation of :
(i) carbon dioxide
(ii) lactic acid
(iii) alcohol
(iv) water
Answer:
(ii) lactic acid
(c) Normal range of breathing rate per minute in an average adult person at rest is :
(i) 9-12
(ii) 15-18
(iii) 21-24
(iv) 30-33
Answer:
(ii) 15-18
(d) During exhalation, the ribs :
(i) move outwards
(ii) move downwards
(iii) move upwards
(iv) do not move at all
Answer:
(ii) move downwards.
Question 6.
Match the items in column I with those in column II.
| Column I | Column II |
| (a) Yeast | (i) Earthworm |
| (b) Diaphragm | (ii) Gills |
| (c) Skin | (iii) Alcohol |
| (d) Leaves | (iv) Chest cavity |
| (e) Fish | (v) Stomata |
| (f) Frog | (vi) lungs and skin |
| (vii) trachea |
Answer:
(a) (iii)
(b) (iv)
(c) (i)
(d) (v)
(e) (ii)
(f) (vi).
Question 7.
Make ‘T’ if the statement is true and ‘f if it is false.
(i) During heavy exercise the breathing rate of a person slows down. (T/F)
(ii) Plants carry out photosynthesis only during the day and respiration only at night. (T/F)
(iii) Frogs breathe through their skins as well as their lungs. (T/F)
(iv) The fishes have lungs for respiration. (T/F)
(v) The size of the chest cavity increases during inhalation. (T/F)
Answer:
(i) False
(ii) False
(iii) True
(iv) False
(v) True.
Question 9.
Given below is a square of letters in which are hidden different words related to respiration in organisms. These words may be present in any direction – upwards, downwards, or along the diagonals. Find the words for your respiratory system. Clues about those words are given below the square.
(i) The air tubes of insects.
(ii) Skeletal structures surrounding chest cavity.
(iii) Muscular floor of chest cavity.
(iv) Tiny pores on the surface of leaf.
(v) Small openings on the sides of the body of an insect.
(vi) The respiratory organs of human beings.
(vii) The openings through which we inhale.
(viii) An anaerobic organism.
(ix) An organism with tracheal system.
Answer:
(i) Trachea
(ii) Ribs
(iii) Diaphragm
(iv) stomata
(v) spiracles
(vi) lungs
(vii) nostrils
(viii) yeast
(ix) ant.
Question 10.
The mountaineers carry oxygen with them because :
(a) At an altitude of more than 5 km there is no air.
(b) The amount of air available to a person is less than that available on the ground.
(c) The temperature of air is higher than that on the ground.
(d) The pressure of air is higher than that on the grow.
Answer:
(b) The amount of air available to a person is less than that available on the ground.
Extended Learning – Activities and Projects
Question 1.
Observe fish in an aquarium. You will find flap like structures on both sides of their heads. These are flaps which cover the gills. These flaps open and close alternately. On the basis of these observations, explain the process of respiration in the fish.
Answer:
Do yourself. Take help your teacher.
Question 2.
Visit a local doctor. Learn about the harmful effects of smoking. You can also collect material on this topic from other sources. You can seek help of your teacher or parents. Find out the percentage of people of your area w ho smoke. If you have a smoker in your family, confront him with the material that you have collected.
Answer:
Do yourself.
Question 3.
Visit a doctor. Find out about artificial respiration. Ask the doctor:
(a) When does a person need artificial respiration?
(b) Does the person need to be kept on artificial respiration temporarily or permanently?
(c) From where can the person get supply of oxygen for artificial respiration?
Answer:
Do yourself.
Question 4.
Measure the breathing rate of the members of your family and some of your friends. Investigate :
(a) If the breathing rate of children is different from that of adults.
(b) If the breathing rate of males is different from that of females.
If there is a difference in any of these cases, try to find the reason.
Answer:
Do yourself.
HBSE 7th Class Science Respiration in Organisms Important Questions and Answers
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
What is respiration?
Answer:
Respiration is a process of taking oxygen into the cells to break down simple food materials to release energy.
Question 2.
What is breathing?
Answer:
Breathing is inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide.
Question 3.
Where does cellular respiration take place?
Answer:
Cellular respiration takes place inside the cells of the body.
Question 4.
What is aerobic respiration?
Answer:
Process of respiration taking place in the presence of oxygen is called aerobic respiration.
Question 5.
What is anaerobic respiration?
Answer:
Process of respiration without the presence of oxygen is called anaerobic respiration.
Question 6.
Does the process of anaerobic respiration take place in human body?
Answer:
Yes, during heavy physical activities, when supply of oxygen is not sufficient, anaerobic respiration takes place in the muscle cells.
Question 7.
What is diaphragm?
Answer:
Diaphragm is a large muscular sheet which forms the floor of the chest cavity.
Question 8.
Name the main respiratory organs in mammals.
Answer:
Lungs are the main respiratory organs in the mammals.
Question 9.
Name the main respiratory organs in insects.
Answer:
Spiracles and tracheae are the main respiratory organs in insects.
Question 10.
Name the respiratory organs in the fish.
Answer:
Gills are the respiratory organs in the fish.
Question 11.
How does earthworm respirate?
Answer:
Earthworm respires through its moist skin.
Question 12.
Where does exchange of gases take place in plants?
Answer:
In plants the exchange of gases takes place through tiny openings called stomata on the leaves.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Differentiate between breathing and respiration.
Answer:
Breathing and respiration have following differences:
Question 2.
How does aerobic respiration takes place?
Answer:
In aerobic respiration oxygen is taken into the cells. The food is broken down into simple food materials and energy is released. Carbon dioxide and water is also released.
Gulcose \(\frac{\text { presence of }}{\text { Oxygen }}\) Carbon dioxide + water + energy
Question 3.
What is breathing rate? How is it counted and what is the breathing rate in an adult at the position of rest?
Answer:
Breathing rate is the number of times a person breathes in a minute. To count the breathing rate, we have to count an inhalation and an exhalation as one. Breathing rate in an adult at rest is 15-18 times in a minute.
Question 4.
How is air pushed out during exhalation?
Answer:
During exhalation the ribs move downwards and inwards. The diaphragm moves up and chest cavity gets contracted and air is thrown out.
Question 5.
How do insects breathe?
Answer:
Insects have small openings on the outside of their bodies. These openings are called spiracles, which are connected to the air pipes called tracheae. In tracheae the exchange of gases take place.
Question 6.
How are frogs peculiar in their way of breathing?
Answer:
Frogs breathe differently in water and differently on land. They use their moist skin to breathe in water. They use lungs to breathe on land.
Question 7.
How do plants respirate?
Answer:
Plants also take in oxygen and give out carbon dioxide for respiration. They have small openings called stomata on the surface of there leaves. Exchange of gases take place through these openings.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Explain the process of respiration.
Answer:
In respiration, there is a gaseous exchange between the organism and the environment. The process of respiration can be divided in two parts. Breathing and cellular respiration.
Breathing or external respiration: Oxygen is inhaled and Carbon dioxide is exhaled during breathing. This process takes place out side the cells and, thus is called external breathing.
Cellular respiration or internal respiration : This is a biochemical process which takes place inside the cells of the body. In this process food i.e. glucose is broken into simpler forms. Energy is released during this process which is used by body to perform various functions. Carbon dioxide and water is also released. The Carbon dioxide is expelled out during breathing.
Food + Oxygen → Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy.
Question 2.
Explain the process of respiration in plants.
Answer:
In plants the process of respiration leads to the release of energy. It is a cellular process in which molecules of glucose break down in the presence of oxygen to release energy along with water and carbon dioxide. Exchange of gases take place through small openings on the surface of the leaves. These are called stomata. Lower plants lack the organs of breathing. In such plants gaseous exchange occurs due to simple process of diffusion. The rate of exchange of gases in plants is not as fast as in animals.
Respiration in Organisms Class 7 HBSE Notes
- Respiration is a process of taking oxygen into the cells in order to break down simple food materials to release energy and eliminate waste products.
- Breathing is inhaling oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide.
- Breathing takes place out side the cells.
- Cellular respiration takes place inside the cells.
- Inside the Cells the food is broken into water and carbon dioxide. This is called cellular respiration. This process releases a lot of energy.
- When the process of respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen, it is called aerobic respiration.
- When the process of respiration takes place in the absence of oxygen, it is called anaerobic respiration.
- Human beings have a fully developed respiratory system.
- Nostrils inhale oxygen, which reaches the lungs through the nasal cavity.
- Lungs are organs, where the exchange of gases takes place. Carbon dioxide is expelled out and oxygen is consumed for cellular respiration.
- Smaller animals like cockroaches have structures called spiracles, for breathing. Earthworms breathe through their skin and fish have gills for respiration.
- In both plants and animals, mitochondria is the site of respiration.