Author name: Prasanna

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Ex 8.3 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Exercise 8.3

Question 1.
Which is greater ? Give reason for your answer ?
(a) 0.3 or 0.4
(b) 0.07 or 0.02
(c) 3 or 0.8
(d) 0.5 or 0.05
(e) 0.052 or 0.11
(f) 2.012 or 0.99
(g) 1 or 0.89
(h) 1.23 or 1.2
(i) 0.099 or 0.19
(j) 1.5 or 1.50
(k) 1.431 or 1.490
(l) 3.3 or 3.300
(m) 5.64 or 5.603
(n) 1.008 or 1.800
(o) 1.52 or 2.05.
Solution:

(p) Make 5 more examples and find the greater number from them.
(i) 0.040 or 0.404
(ii) 0.637 or 0.6
(iii) 0.27 or 0.72
(iv) 6.4 or 6.04
(v) 3.40 or 3.04.
Solution:
(i) 0.404 = 0 + \(\frac{4}{100}\) and 0.404 = 0 + \(\frac{4}{10}+\frac{4}{1000}\) ∴ 0.404 > 0.040.
0.637 = 0 + \(\frac{6}{10}+\frac{3}{100}+\frac{7}{1000}\) and 0.6 = 0 + \(\frac{6}{10}\) ∴ 0.637 > 0.6.
0.27 = 0 + \(\frac{2}{10}+\frac{7}{100}\) + and 0.72 0 + \(\frac{7}{10}+\frac{2}{100}\) ∴ 0.72 > 0.27
6.4 = 6 + \(\frac{4}{10}\) and 6.04 = 6 + \(\frac{4}{100}\) ∴ 6.4 > 6.04.
3.40 = 3 + \(\frac{4}{10}\) and 3.04 = 3 + \(\frac{4}{100}\) ∴ 3.40> 3.04.

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Ex 8.4 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Exercise 8.4

Question 1.
Express a rupees using decimals:
(a) 5 paise
(b) 75 paise
(c) 3 rupees 60 paise
(d) 450 paise
(e) 20 paise
(f) 50 rupees 90 paise
(g) 725 paise.
Solution:
(a) 5 paise = Re \(\frac{5}{100}\) = Re 0.05
(b) 75 paise = Re \(\frac{75}{100}\) = Re 0.75
(c) 3 rupees 60 paise = 3 + \(\frac{60}{100}\) = 3 + 0.60 = Rs. 3.60
(d) 450 paise = Rs. \(\frac{450}{100}\) = Rs . 4.50
(e) 20 paise = Re\(\frac{20}{100}\) = Re 0.20.
(f) 50 rupees 90 paise = 50 + \(\frac{90}{100}\) = 50 + 0.90 = Rs. 50.90
(g) 725 paise. = Rs. \(\frac{725}{100}\) = Rs. 7.25

Question 2.
Express as m using decimals
(a) 15 cm
(b) 6 cm
(c) 136 cm
(d) 2 m 45 cm
(e) 9 m 7 cm
(f) 419 cm.
Solution:
(a) 15 cm = \(\frac{15}{100}\)m = 0.15 m.
(b) 6 cm = \(\frac{6}{100}\)m = 0.06 m.
(e) 136 cm =\(\frac{136}{100}\) m =1.36 m.
(d) 2m 45cm = 2 + \(\frac{45}{100}\) = 2 + 0.45
= 2.45 m.
(e) 9m7cm = 9 + \(\frac{7}{100}\)
9 + 0.07 = 9.07 m.
(f) 419 cm = \(\frac{419}{100}\) m = 4.19 m.

Question 3.
Express as cm using decimals :
(a) 5 mm
(b) 60 mm
(c) 164 mm
(d) 9 cm 8 mm
(e) 16 cm 7 mm.
(f) 93 mm.
Solution:
(a) 5 mm = \(\frac{5}{10}\) cm = 0.5 cm.
(b) 60 mm = \(\frac{60}{10}\) = 6 cm
(c) 164 mm = \(\frac{164}{10}\) = 16.4 cm
(d) 9 cm 8 mm = (9 + \(\frac{8}{10}\)) = 9.8 cm
(e) 16 cm 7 mm. = (16 + \(\frac{7}{10}\)) cm = (16 + 0.7) cm = 16.7 cm.
(f) 93 mm. = \(\frac{93}{10}\) cm = 9.3 cm

Question 4.
Express as km. using decimals
(a) 8 m
(b) 88 m
(c) 888 m
(d) 8888 m
(e) 70 km 5 m
(f) 29 km 37 m.
Solution:
(a) 8m = \(\frac{8}{1000}\) km = 0.008km.
(b) 88 m = \(\frac{88}{1000}\)km 0.088 km.
(c) 888 m = \(\frac{888}{1000}\)km = 0.888 km.
(d) 8888m = \(\frac{8888}{1000}\) km = 8.888km.
(e) 70 km 5 m = (70 + \(\frac{5}{1000}\)) km
= (70 + 0.005)
= 70.005 km.
(f) 29 km 37 rn = (29 + \(\frac{37}{1000}\)) km
= (29 + 0.037)
= 29.037 km.

Question 5.
Express as kg using decimals
(a) 2g
(b) 100 g
(c) 3750 g
(d) 2 kg 700 g
(e) 5 kg 8 g
(f) 26 kg 50 g.
Solution:
(a) 2 g = \(\frac{2}{1000}\) kg = 0.002 kg.
(b) 100 g kg = \(\frac{100}{1000}\) kg = 0.1 kg.
(c) 3750 g = \(\frac{3750}{1000}\) kg = 3.750 kg.
(d) 2kg700g = (2 + \(\frac{700}{1000}\)) kg
= (2 + 0.7) kg 2.7 kg.
(e) 5kg8g = (5 + \(\frac{8}{1000}\)) kg
= (5 + 0.008) kg
= 5.008 kg.
(f) 26 kg 50 g = (26 + \(\frac{50}{1000}\)) kg
= (26 + 0.05) kg = 26.05 kg.

Question 6.
Express each of the following without decimals :
(a) Rs. 2.30
(b) 9.240 kg
(c) 3.5 cm
(d) 3.05 km
(e) 8.81 m
(f) Rs. 13.05
(g) 15.038 km
(h) 14.007 kg
(i) 11.06 m
(j) 0.2 cm.
Solution:
(a) Rs. 2.30 = 2 Rs. 30 paise = 230 paisa.
(b) 9.240 kg = 9 kg 240 g = 9240 g.
(c) 3.5 cm = 3 cm 5 mm = 35 mm.
(d) 3.050 km = 3 km 50 m = 3050 m.
(e) 8.81 m = 8 m 81 cm = 881 cm.
(f) Rs. 13.05 = 13 Rs. 5 paise = 1305 paisa.
(g) 15.038 km = 15 km 38 m = 15038 m.
(h) 14.007 kg = 14 kg 7 g = 14007 g.
(i) 11.06 m = 11 m 6 cm = 1106 cm.
(j) 0.2 cm = 2 mm.

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Ex 8.5 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Exercise 8.5

Question 1.
Find the sum in each of the following :
(a) 0.007 + 8.5 + 30.08
(b) 15 + 0.632 + 13.8
(c) 27.076 + 0.55 + 0.004
(d) 25.65 + 9.005 + 3.7
(e) 0.75 + 10.425 + 2
(f) 280.69 + 25.2 + 38.
Solution:

Question 2.
Rashid spent Rs. 35.75 for Maths book and Rs. 32.60 for Science book. Find the total amount spent by Rashid.
Solution:

Question 3.
Radhika’s mother gave her Rs. 10.50 and her father gave her Rs. 15.80, find the total amount given to Radhika by her parents.
Solution:

Question 4.
Narseen bought 3 m 20 cm cloth for her shirt and 2 m 5 cm cloth for her trousers. Find the total length of cloth bought by her.
Solution:
Length of cloth bought by Narseen for her shirt = 3 m 20 cm = 3.20 m
Length of cloth bought by her for trousers = 2 m 5 cm = 2.05 m ,
∴  Total length of cloth bought by her 3.20 m + 2.05 m
= 5.25 m = 5 m 25 cm.

Question 5.
Wilson bought 2 m 50 cm cloth for his kurta and 1 m 25 cm cloth for his pyjama. Find the total length of cloth bought by him.
Solution:
Length of cloth bought by Wilson for his kurta = 2 m 50 cm = 2.50 m
Length of cloth bought by him for his pyjama = 1 m 25 cm = 1.25 m
∴ Total length of cloth bought by him = 2.50 m + 1.25 m

Haryana State Board HBSE 8th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 8th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 3 Mineral and Power Resources

HBSE 8th Class Geography Mineral and Power Resources Textbook Questions and Answers

Let’s Do

Identify Canadian Shield, Appalachians, Western Cordilleras and Lake Superior.
Answer:

ACTIVITY
On an outline map of India mark the distribution of iron, bauxite, manganese and mica.
Answer:

LETS DO

List uses of any five minerals.
Answer:
Uses of minerals:

• Manganese : Manufacture of ferrous alloys that are very strong.
• Mica : Mica is basic to electrical industry.
• Aluminium : It is used in automobiles and airplanes, bottling industry and even in kitchen cookware.
• Silicon: It is used in computer industry.
• Gold: It is used in making jewellery.

EXERCISE

Question 1.
Answer the following questions:
(i) Name any three common minerals used by you everyday.
(ii) What is an ore? Where are the ores of metallic minerals generally located?
(iii) Name two regions rich in natural gas resources.
(iv) Which sources of energy would you suggest for :
(a) rural areas
(b) coastal areas
(c) arid regions.
(v) Give five ways in which you can save energy at home.
Answer:
(i) Iron, Copper, Bauxite.

(ii) Rocks from which minerals are mined are known as ores.
The ores of metals are located in igneous and metamorphic rocks which form large plateaus.

(iii) Russia and the Netherlands are the major producers of natural gas.

(iv) The sources of energy suitable for different areas are:
(a) Rural areas – Biogas
(b) Coastal areas – Wind energy
(c) Arid regions – Solar energy

(v) (a) Switch off the bulb and tubelight when not in use.
(b) Don’t leave the tap open while brushing your teeth.
(c) The electrical appliances should be used as per instructions and should be maintained properly.
(d) Switch to conventional sources of energy rather than non-conventional sources of energy.
(e) Cook most of the food items in pressure cookers rather than in open pans.

Question 2.
Multiple Choice Question:
Tick the correct answer:
(i) Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of minerals?
(a) They are created by natural processes.
(b) They have a definite chemical composition.
(c) They are exhaustible.
(d) Their distribution is uneven.
Answer:
(c) They are inexhaustible.

(ii) Which one of the following is NOT a producer of mica?
(a) Jharkhand
(b) Karnataka
(c) Rajasthan
(d) Andhra Pradesh
Answer:
(b) Karnataka.

(iii) Which one of the following is a leading producer of copper in the world?
(a) Bolivia
(b) Ghana
(c) Chile
(d) Zimbabwe
Answer:
(c) Chile.

(iv) Which one of the following practices will not conserve LPG in your kitchen?
(а) Soaking the dal for some time before cooking it
(b) Cooking food in a pressure cooker
(c) Keeping the vegetables chopped before lighting the gas for cooking
(d) Cooking food in an open pan kept on low flame.
Answer:
(d) Cooking food in an open pan kept on low flame.

Question 3.
Give reasons:
(i) Environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams.
Answer:
A large number of people are displaced when their homes and villages have to be submerged for creating huge water reservoirs and digging canals. Sometimes the dam site may be prone to quakes. An earthquake at the dam site could result in a huge disaster. So environmental aspects must be carefully looked into before building huge dams.

(ii) Most industries are concentrated around coal mines.
Answer:
Most of the industries are concentrated around coal mines because coal is a very essential but heavy mineral. Transporting of coal to the industry becomes costly.

(iii) Petroleum is referred to as ‘black gold.’
Answer:
Petroleum produces a variety of useful products like diesel, petrol, kerosene, wax, plastics and lubricants. Therefore, it is called black gold.

(iv) Quarrying can become a major environmental concern.
Answer:
Quarrying can become a major environmental concern because it causes land degradation and soil erosion all over the world.

Question 4.
Distinguish between the following:
(i) Conventional and non-conventional sources of energy.
Answer:
(i)

(b) Biogas and Natural Gas
Answer:

(c) Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Minerals.
Answer:

(d) Metallic and Non-metallic minerals.
Answer:

Question 5.
Activity
(i) Use pictures from old magazines to show different kinds of fuels used by us in our lives and display them on your bulletin board.
Answer:
Do it yourself and take the help of subject teacher.

(ii) Design a poster highlighting energy conservation tips you would take for your school.
Answer:
Do it yourself with the help of subject teacher.

(iii) Salma’s class took up an action campaign to do an energy and it of their school by surveying electricity consumption. They prepared survey sheets for the students of the school.
→ Switching off the appliances when not in use.
→ Minimal usage as per requirement.
→ Maximising the use of natural breeze and light by keeping the windows open.
→ Keeping the lights dust free.
→ The appropriate maintenance and usage of appliances as per the given instructions.
Can you add some more tips to this list?
You could conduct a similar survey at home and then extend it to your appartment and make your neighbours also energy wise.
Using the data collected during the survey, students calculated the units consumed in one month and the approximate expenditure and compared it with the electricity bill of the previous month. They also calculated the approximate cost of electricity consumed by fans, lights and other appliances not switched off. Thus, they highlighted the amount that could be saved and suggested simple energy conservation habits hke
Electricity Audit

Answer:
1. We should use CFS bulbs and tubes to save energy.
2. We should note the expenditures of previous bill to compare the present. If it is higher then we should apply all the points as suggest in the book.

HBSE 8th Class Geography Mineral and Power Resources Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is open-cast mining?
Answer:
Minerals that lie at shallow depths are taken out by removing the surface layer, this is known as open-cast mining.

Question 2.
What is quarrying ?
Answer:
The process by which minerals that lie near the surface are simply dug out is called quarrying.

Question 3.
Name two countries which have large iron ore deposits.
Answer:
China, India.

Question 4.
Name the three zones in North America where mineral deposits are located.
Answer:
The Canadian region north of the Great Lakes, the Appalachian region, the mountain ranges of the west.

Question 5.
What is the use of firewood?
Answer:
Firewood is widely used for cooking and heating.

Question 6.
Name four chief petroleum producing countries.
Answer:
Iran, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Qatar.

Question 7.
Write any two advantages of wind energy.
Answer:

• It is non-polluting.
• Low cost production of electricity once set up.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Why is the conservation of minerals necessary?
Answer:
Minerals are a non-renewable resource. It takes thousands of years for the formation and concentration of minerals.

Question 2.
Why is there need for using non- conventional sources of energy? Give two reasons.
Answer:

• The increasing use of fossil fuels is leading to its shortage. It is estimated that if the present rate of consumption continues, the reserves of these fuels will get exhausted.
• The use of conventional sources causes environmental pollution.

Question 3.
How is nuclear power obtained?
Answer:
Nuclear power is obtained from energy stored in the nuclei of atoms of naturally occurring radioactive elements like uranium and tnorium. These fuels undergo nuclear fission in nuclear reactors and emit power.

Question 5.
What are the disadvantages of using oil as power resource?
Answer:

• Depletion of oxygen due to oil spillage and gas leakage.
• Petroleum released causes acid rain.
• Exploration of new oil fields is not easy.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Africa is rich in mineral resources. Justify.
Answer:
(a) Africa is the world’s largest producer of diamonds, gold and platinuim
(b) South Africa, Zimbabwe and Zaire produce a large portion of the world’s gold.
(c) Copper, iron-ore, chromium, uranium, cobalt and bauxite are the other minerals found in Africa.
(d) Oil is found in Nigeria, Libya and Angola.

Question 2.
Give a brief account of minerals found in Australia.
Answer:
(a) Australia is the largest producer of bauxite in the wrold.
(b) It is a leading producer of gold, diamond, iron-ore, tin and nickel.
(c) Rich deposits of copper, lead, zinc and manganese are also found.
(d) Large deposits of gold are found in Kalgoorlie and Coolgardie.

Question 3.
What is biogas? How is it obtained? Write its two uses.
Answer:
(a) Organic wastes such as dead point and animal material, animal dung and kitchen waste can be converted into a gaseous fuel called biogas.

(b) The organic waste is decomposed by bacteria in biogas digesters to emit biogas which is essentially a mixture of methane and carbon dioxide.

Use of biogas:
(a) Biogas is used for cooking and bghtening.
(b) It produces huge amount of organic manure.

Picture Based Questions

Look at the picture and answer the questions that follow:

(A) What type of energy production is shown in the picture?
Answer:
Nuclear energy.

(B) What are the parts labelled as (i), (ii), (Hi), (iv), and (v)?
Answer:
(i) Hot water
(ii) Steam
(iii) Turbine
(iv) Generator
(v) Heat from fission.

MAP-TIME

On the map of world, mark two main areas where mineral oil and coal are found in (A) Asia, (B) North America, (C) Africa, (D) South America

Mineral and Power Resources Class 8 HBSE Notes

• Minerals: A naturally occurring substance that has a definite chemical composition.
• Rock: A rock is an aggregate of one or more minerals but without definite composition of constituents of minerals.
• Ores: Rocks from which minerals are mined are known as ores.
• Mining: The process of taking out minerals from rocks hurried under the earth’s surface is called mining.
• Conventional Sources: Conventional sources of energy are those which have been in common use for a long time.
• Geothermal Energy; Heat energy obtained from the earth is called geothermal energy.

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Ex 8.6 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Exercise 8.6

Question 1.
Subtract :
(a) Rs. 18.25 from Rs. 20.75
(b) 202.54 m from 250 m
(c) Rs. 5.36 from Rs. 8.4
(d) 2.051 km from 5.206 km
(e) 0.314 kg from 2.107 kg.
Solution:

Question 2.
Find the value of 2
(a) 9.756- 6.28
(b) 21. 05 – 15.27
(c) 18.5-6.79
(d) It. 6-9.847
Solution:

Question 3.
Raju bought a book for Rs. 35.65. He gave Rs. 50 to the shopkeeper. How much money did he get back from the shopkeeper ?
Solution:
Amount given by Raju to the Shopkeeper = Rs. 50.00
Price of the book lie bought = Rs. 35.65
∴ Amount he get back from the Shopkeeper = Rs. 50.00 – Rs. 35.65
= Rs. 14.35.

Question 4.
Rani had Rs. 18.50. She bought one ice-cream for Rs. 11.75. How much money does she have now ? j
Solution:
Money which Rani had with her = Rs. 18.50
Price of one ice-cream which’ she bought = Rs. 11.75 .
∴ Money which she has now = Rs. 18.50 – Rs. 11.75
= Rs. 6.75

Question 5.
Tina had 20 m 5 cm long cloih. She cuts 4 m 50 cm length of cloth from this for making a curtain. How much cloth is left with her ?
Solution:
Length of the cloth Tina has = 20 m 5 cm = 20.05 m
Length of cloth cut for making a curtain = 4 m 50 cm = 4.50 m
∴ Length of cloth left with her = 20.05 m – 4.50 m
= 15.55 m

Question 6.
Namita travels 20 km 50 m every day. Out of this she travels 10 km 200 m by bus and the rest by auto. How much distance does she travel by auto ?
Solution:
Total distance travelled by Namita = 20 km 50 m = 20.050 km
Distance travelled by her by bus = 10 km 200 m = 10.200 km
∴ Distance travelled by her by auto = (20.050 – 10.200) km
= 9.850 km.

Question 7.
Aakash bought vegetables weighing 10 kg. Out of this 3 kg 500 g is onion, 2 kg 75 g is tomato and the rest is potato. What is the weight of potato ?
Solution:
Total weight/of vegetables = 10 kg
Weight of onion = 3 kg 500 g = 3.500 kg
∴ Weight of tomato = 2 kg 75 g
= 2.075 kg

Question 8.
Naresh walked 2 km 35 m in the morning and 1 km 7 m in the evening. How much distance did he walk in all ? \
Solution:
Distance walked by Naresh in the morning = 2 km 35 m = 2.035 km
Distance walked by him in thte evening = 1 km 7 m = 1.007 km
∴ Total distance walked by him = (2.035 + 1.007) km
= 3.042 km.

Question 9.
Sunita travels 15 km 268 m by busl 7 km 7 m by car and 500 m by foot in order to reach her school. How far is her school from her residence ?
Solution:
Distance travelled by Sunita by bus = 15 km 268 m = 15.268 km
Distance travelled by her by car = 7 km 7 m = 7.007 km
Distance travelled by her by foot = 500 m = 0.500 km
∴ Total distance = (15.268 + 7.007 + 0.500) km
= 22.775 km.

Question 10.
Ravi purchased 5 kg 400 g rice, 2 the total weight of his purchases.
Solution:
Weight of rice = 5 kg 400 g = 5.400 kg
Weight of sugar = 2 kg 20 g = 2.020 kg
Weight of atta = 10 kg 890 g = 10.850 kg
∴ Total weight = (5.400 + S2.020 + 10.850) kg
= 18.270 kg.

Haryana State Board HBSE 8th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 8th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 2 Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources

HBSE 8th Class Geography Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources Textbook Questions and Answers

Let’s Do (Page No. 9)

Observe the land, type of soil and water availability in the region you live. Discuss in your class, how it has influenced the life style of people there.
Answer:
The land, type of soil and water availability in the region influence the life style of people living there. They affect the economic activities of the people. If the land is fertile and there is enough water available for irrigation ; people will adopt agricultural activities.

Question 2.
Collect a handful of different types of indian soil and find out how they are different.

LETS DO (Page No. 10)

Study the table given (NCERT Page No. 6) and answer the following:
(i) Name the countries having the highest percentage of land under cropland, forest, pasture and other uses.
Answer:
Cropland – India
Forest – Japan
Pasture – Australia
Other uses – Canada

(ii) How would you relate the land use pattern of these countries with the probable economic activities?
Answer:
(а) India is an agricultural country so it uses land maximum for crops production.
(b) The mountainous land of Japan is covered with forests.
(c) Australia has 56% of area in pastures; so the economic activity is related to cattle rearing.
(d) Paper and pulp industry is very common in Canada as its maximum land is covered mainly with coniferous forests.

EXERCISES

Question 1.
Answer the following questions:
(i) Which are the two main climatic factors responsible for soil formation?
Answer:

• Temperature
• Rainfall.

(ii) Write any two reasons for land degradation today.
Answer:

• Deforestation,
• Landslides and floods.

(iii) Why is land considered an important resource?
Answer:
The land is considered an important resource because :
(a) All human beings live on it and obtain most of their needs from it.
(b) Land can be used in various ways, for example, constructing buildings, roads, railway lines, cultivation, rearing of animals, mining, industries etc.

(iv) Name any two steps that government has taken to conserve plants and animals.
Answer:
(i) Our government has constructed national parts, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves to protect our natural vegetation and wildlife.

(ii) Awareness programmes like social forestry and Vanamahotasava are be encouraged at the regional and community levels.

(v) Suggest three ways to conserve water.
Answer:
(a) The impurities of water should be treated before releasing them into water bodies.
(b) Rainwater harvesting should be done to save surface runoff.
(c) Wastage of water should be checked at home also. Waste water of kitchen and washing can be used for gardens and toilets.

Question 2.
Tick the correct answer:
(i) Which one of the following is NOT a factor of soil formation?
(a) time
(b) soil texture
(c) organic matter
Answer:
(b) soil texture.

(ii) Which one of the following methods is most appropriate to check soil erosion on steep slopes?
(a) shelter belts
(b) mulching
(c) terrace cultivation.
Answer:
(c) terrace cultivation.

(iii) Which one of the following methods is NOT in favour of the conservation of nature?
(a) switch off the bulb when not in use
(b) close the tap immediately after using
(c) dispose polypacks after shopping
Answer:
(c) dispose polypacks after shopping.

Question 3.
Match the following.

Answer:
(i) (c)
(ii) (d)
(iii) (a)
(iv) (b)

Question 4.
State whether the given statement is true or false. If true, write the reasons.
(i) Ganga-Brahmaputra plain of India is an overpopulated region.
Answer:
True, because the land is fertile and suitable for cultivation.

(ii) Water availability per person in India is declining.
Answer:
True, because of rising population and drying up of water resources, increasing water pollution.

(iii) Rows of trees planted in the coastal areas to check the wind movement is called intercropping.
Answer:
False, it is called shelter-belts.

(iv) Human interference and changes of climate can maintain the ecosystem.
Answer:
False, it will deteriorate the ecosystem.

Question 5.
Activity:
Discuss some more reasons which are responsible for changes of land use pattern. Has your place undergone any change in the land use pattern?

Based on the table you have just completed, draw a picture of land use patterns that you foresee in your neighbourhood after 20 years. Why do you think that land use patterns change over the years?
Answer:
There is a great change in the land-use pattern. The reasons are as under:

HBSE 8th Class Geography Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Give two reasons of water shortage or water scarcity.
Answer:
(a) Variation in annual or seasonal precipitation.
(b) Over exploitation of water.
(c) Contamination of water.

Question 2.
Mention two major contaminants of water bodies.
Answer:
(a) Discharge of untreated or partially treated sewage.
(b) Agricultural chemicals
(c) Industrial effluents.

Question 3.
On which two factors does the growth of vegetation depend?
Answer:

• Temperature
• moisture.

Question 4.
How are the major vegetation types of the world grouped?
Answer:

• Forests
• grasslands
• scrubs
• tundra.

Question 5.
Give one main reason for the clearance of forests?
Answer:
To feed the growing population or to increase agricultural land.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is terrace cultivation?
Answer:
On steep slopes, terraces are made so that flat surfaces are available to grow crops. It reduces surfaces run-off and soil erosion.

Question 2.
Define contour ploughing.
Answer:
Ploughing is done parallel to the contours of a hill slope to form a natural barrier for water to flow down the slope.

Question 3.
Which method of soil conservaton is practiced in the coastal and dry regions?
Answer:
In coastal and dry regions, rows of trees are planted to check the wind movement to protect soil cover.

Question 4.
What do you understand by water cycle?
Answer:
Movement of water through the oceans, the air, the land and back again, through the process of evaporation and precipitation is called water cycle.

Question 5.
What are the major factors leading to shortage in supply of fresh water?
Answer:

• Increasing population
• rising demands for food and cash crops
• increasing urbanisation
• rising standards of living.

Question 6.
Which regions of the world face scarcity of water?
Answer:

• Africa
• West Asia
• South Africa
• parts of Western USA
• North West Mexico
• parts of South America
• Australia.

Question 7.
Write the difference between biosphere and ecosystem.
Answer:

• Biosphere : It is the narrow zone of contract between the lithosphere, hydrosphere and atmosphere.
• Ecosystem : In the biosphere, living beings are interrelated and interdependent on each other for survival. This life supporting system is called ecosystem.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Water can neither be added nor subtracted from the earth. Do you agree?
Or
Describe water-cycle.
Answer:
Yes, I agree that the volume of water remains the same on the earth. Water can neither be added nor subtracted. Its abundance seems to vary from one place to another because it is in constant motion. The water evaporates from the oceans, goes as water-vapour in to the atmosphere, condenses to form clouds and comes back to the earth as rain. This is known as “water cycle’.

Question 2.
What are the factors affecting soil formation?
Answer:
The factors affecting soil formation are:
1. Parent Rock : It determines colour, texture, chemical properties, mineral content and permeability.
2. Climate : Temperature and rainfall effect the rate of weathering and humus.
3. Relief : Altitude and shape determine accumulation of soil.
4. Flora, Fauna and Microorganisms: They effect the rate of humus formation.
5. Time : Time determines thickness of soil profile.

Picture Based Questions

Look at the picture given below and answer the following questions:

Question 1.
What type of farming is shown in the picture?
Answer:
Terrace farming.

Question 2.
How is this practised?
Answer:
Terraces are made on the steep slopes so that flat surfaces are available to grow crops.

Question 3.
How is it helpful?
Answer:
Terrace farming can reduce the surface run off and checked soil erosion.

Land, Soil, Water, Natural Vegetation and Wildlife Resources Class 8 HBSE Notes

• Fallow Land : Land which can be cultivated, but has been left unused for the season.
• Cultivable Waste : Land which can be cultivated but which has been lying fallow for more than five years.
• Weathering : The breaking up and decay of exposed rocks’ by temperature changes, frost action, plants, animals and man.
• Soil: Soil refers to the thin layer of grainy substance covering the surface of the earth.
• Soil Profile: The layered structure of the soil which spreads from the bedrock to the top surface layer is known as the soil profile.
• Soil Conservation: The preservation, protection, and efficient utilization of soil resources are known as soil conservation.
• Biosphere Reserve: a Series of protected areas linked through a global network intended to demonstrate the relationship between conservation and development.
• Rain-Water Harvesting: It is the process of collecting rainwater from rooftops and directing it to an appropriate location and storing it for future use.

Haryana State Board HBSE 8th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 1 Resources Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 8th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 1 Resources

HBSE 8th Class Geography Resources Textbook Questions and Answers

LETS DO

List out five resources you use in your home and five you use in your classroom.
Answer:
Resources used in homes:
(a) Natural Resources:
(i) Water
(ii) Air
(iii) Minerals like salt and sugar.

(b) Human Made Resources:
(i) Washing Machine
(ii) Geyser.

Resources used in classroom:
(a) Natural Resources:
(i) Water
(ii) Air

(b) Human Made Resources :
(i) Benches
(ii) Duster
(iii) Computer

ACTIVITY

Question 1.
Circle those resources from Amma’s list that have no commercial values as yet:
Amma’s List : Cotton cloth, Iron ore, Intelligence, Medicinal plants, Medical knowledge, Coal deposits, Beautiful scenery, Agricultural land, Clean environment, Old folk songs, Good weather, Resourcefulness, A good singing voice, Grandmother’s home remedies, affection from friends and family.
Answer:
Old folk songs, Good weather, A good singing voice, grandmother’s home remedies, Affection from friends and family.

LET’S DO

Think of a few renewable resources and mention how their stock may get affected by overuse.
Answer:
Renewable resources: Solar energy, water (hydro) energy, wind energy and to some extent, plants and shrubs. Their stock may get affected by overuse because with increasing population and ever-growing complexity of demands, the rate at which natural resources are being consumed has risen very fast, countries like USA are using the throw away consumption of natural resources.

LET’S DO

Make a list of five human-made resources that you can observe around you.
Answer:
Human-made resources are:

• Roads
• Cars
• Buildings
• Machines
• Refrigerators

Question 5.
What are principles of Sustainable Development?
Answer:
There are some principles of sustainable development. These are:

• Respect and care for all forms of life.
• Improve the quality of human life.
• Conserve the earth’s vitality and diversity.
• Minimise the depletion of natural resources.
• Change personal attitude and practices towards the environment.
• Enable communities to care for their own environment.

EXERCISES

Question 1.
Answer the following questions:
(i) Why are resources distributed unequally over the earth?
(ii) What is resource conservation?
(iii) Why are human resources important?
(iv) What is sustainable development?
Answer:
(i) The distribution of natural resources is unequal because the availability of many physical factors like terrain, climate and altitude also differ very much over the earth. .

(ii) Resource conservation is the careful management and control of resources so that they may continue to be in use.

(iii) Human resources are important because only human resources can make efficient use of resources through proper management and their utilization. They use their knowledge, skill and technology to transfer the natural material into the valuable products.

(iv) The sustainable development refers to the overall development of a nation, especially without damaging its natural resources in such a way that enough resources are available for future generations.

Question 2.
Tick the correct answer:
(i) Which one of the following does not make substance a resource?
(a) utility
(b) value
(c) quantity
Answer:
(c) quantity

(ii) Which one of the following is a human made resource?
(a) medicines to treat cancer
(b) spring water
(c) tropical forests
Answer:
(a) medicines to treat cancer

(iii) Complete the statement:
Biotic resources are
(a) derived from living things
(b) made by human beings
(c) deribed from non-living things
Answer:
(a) derived from living things

Question 3.
Differentiate between the followings:
(a) Potential and actual resources
(b) Ubiquitous and localized resources
Answer:
(a)

Potential resources change into actual resources with time. For example, high speed winds were potential resources 200 years ago, but, now these are actual resources.
(ii)

ACTIVITY

Question 4.
“Rahiman paani raakhiye
Bin paani sab soon,
Paani gaye na ube re Moti, manus, choon
(Says Rahim, keep water, as without water there in nothing. Without water, pearl, swan and dough cannot exist.)
These lines were written by the poet Abdur Rahim Khankhana, one of the nine gems of Akbar’s court. What kind of resource is the poet referring to ? Write in 100 words what would happen if this resource disappeared.
Answer:
The poet refers to the precious resource water. Water is important to all sorts of life. Water is important for the growth of plants, for cooking food, for all sorts of agricultural, industrial and household practices. If this resource disappeared, all the activities would come to a halt. The earth tvill turn to desert and without plants, there will be no life on the earth.

FOR FUN

Question 1.
Pretend that you live in the prehistoric times on a high windy plateau. What are the uses you and your friends could put the fast winds to? Cap you call the wind a resource?
Now imagine that you are living in the same place in the year 2138. Can you put the winds to any use? How? Can you explain why the wind is an important resource now?
Answer:
The wind can be used to generate electricity. Wind can be used in wind-mills.
Wind is a resource. It is a measure of energy.
In the year of 2138 the wind can be used as source of energy. It can be used to generate electricity.
It is an important resource now.

Question 2.
Pick up a stone, a leaf, a paper straw and a twig. Think of how you can use these as resources. See the example given below and get creative!

Answer:

HBSE 8th Class Geography Resources Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What is resource?
Answer:
Anything that can be used to satisfy a need is a resource.

Question 2.
Which two factors can change substance into resources?
Answer:

• Time and
• Technology.

Question 3.
Why do people are important resources?
Answer:
People are important resource because their ideas, knowledge, inventories and discoveries lead to the creation of more resources.

Question 4.
How resources are classified?
Answer:

• Natural
• Human made
• Human.

Question 5.
How natural resources are classified?
Answer:
Natural resources are classified on the basis of their (a) level of development, (b) use, (c) origin, (d) stock, (e) distribution.

Question 6.
In India, where is energy generated by using windmills?
Answer:

• Nagercoil in Tamil Nadu
• Gujarat coast.

Question 7.
What is human resource development?
Answer:
Improving the quality of people’s skills so that they are able to create more resources is known as human resource development.

Question 8.
Mention few ways of conserving resources.
Answer:

• Reducing consumption
• Recycling,
• Reusing.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are natural resources? Give examples.
Answer:
Resources that are drawn from nature and used without much modification are called natural resources. Example: air, water, soils, minerals.

Question 2.
How can resources be classified on the basis of the level of their development? Write one point of difference between them.
Answer:
On the basis of the level of development, resources can be classified into two groups : actual resources and potential resources. Actual resources are those whose quantity is known wheras the entire quantity of potential resources may not be know.

Question 3.
Distinguish between abiotic and biotic resources.
Answer:
Abiotic resources are non-living. Example : soils, rocks and minerals.
Biotic resources are living. Example: plants and animals.

Question 4.
What are human made resources?
Answer:
People use natural resources to make buildings, bridges, roads, machinery and vehicles. These are known as human made resources.

Question 5.
What is the difference between resource conservation and sustainable development?
Answer:
Using resources carefully and giving them time to get renewed is called resource conservation. Balancing the need to use resources and also conserve them for the future is called sustainable development.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
What are the different types of values resources may possess?
Answer:
Resources may possess different values as :
(i) Economic Value : The resources (raw- materials) which are used in the manufacture of other useful products have economic value, e.g,, means of irrigation, coal, petroleum.

(ii) Aesthetic Value: The high mountains, the waterfull, natural sceneries all have aesthetic value for us.

(iii) Ethical Value : The ethical and moral values refer to the principles of love and care for the family, care of flora and fauna, preserving natural parks etc.

(iv) Legal Value : The laws passed by the government from time-to-time and the provi¬sions of the constitution have legal value.

Question 2.
Why is there a difference in the level of development of different regions/hations? What are the different methods which have to be observed to increase the level of productivity?
Answer:
There is a difference in the level of development of different regions because

• the resources are not distributed equally.
• the skills and technology possessed and used by human beings varies for different human beings.

The level of productivity can be increased if:

• all the available resources are identified.
• technology and skills should be used immensely and efficiently for practical purposes.
• conservation of resources is done. The ever increasing population can put a great stress on the economic development of a nation.
• government should pass effective law and order so that the resources of a nation are optimally used.
• human population of a region/nation is healthy and productive.
• the national and international cooperation for the use of resources.

Picture Based Questions

Question 1.
What type of resource is depicted in picture 1.1?
Answer:
Human-made resource.

Question 2.
What type of resources is depicted in picture 1.2?
Answer:
Human resources.

Question 3.
Which of the two types of resources is more important and why?
Answer:
Human resources are more important as they are capable of making the best use of natural resources through their knowledge, skill and technology. Only human beings can discover, exploit, develop and convert the available or potential resources into useful products.

Resources Class 8 HBSE Notes

• Resource : Anything that can be used to satisfy a need.
• Patent: It means the exclusive right over any idea or invention.
• Technology: It is the application of latest knowledge and skill in doing or making things.
• Stock of Resource : It is the amount of resources available for use.
• Bio-Gas : Gas made from organic wastes.
• Human-made Resources: The resources that are created from the natural substances by the human beings to produce valuable products.
• Human Resources : This means the number and ability of the people.
• Conservation: Careful management and control of resources so that they may continue to be in use.
• Sustainable Development : Sustainable Development ensures that the existing resources are used in a manner that enough is left for the generations to come.

Haryana Board HBSE 8th Class Sanskrit Solutions रुचिरा भाग 3

• Chapter 1 सुभाषितानि
• Chapter 2 बिलस्य वाणी न कदापि में श्रुता
• Chapter 3 डिजीभारतम्
• Chapter 4 सदैव पुरतो निधेहि चरणम्
• Chapter 5 कण्टकेनैव कण्टकम्
• Chapter 6 गृहं शून्यं सुतां विना
• Chapter 7 भारतजनताऽहम्
• Chapter 8 संसारसागरस्य नायकाः
• Chapter 9 सप्तभगिन्यः
• Chapter 10 नीतिनवनीतम्
• Chapter 11 सावित्री बाई फुले
• Chapter 12 कः रक्षति कः रक्षितः
• Chapter 13 क्षितौ राजते भारतस्वर्णभूमिः
• Chapter 14 आर्यभटः
• Chapter 15 प्रहेलिकाः

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Ex 8.2 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Exercise 8.2

Question 1.
Complete the table with the help of these boxes and use decimals to write the number :

Solution:

Question 2.
Write the numbers given in the following place value table in decimal form:

Solution:
(i) The number is 3 x 1 + 2 x \(\frac{1}{10}\) + 5 x \(\frac{1}{100}\) = 3 + 0.2 + 0.05 = 3.25.
(ii) Thenumberis 1 x 100 + 0 x 10 + 2 x 1 + 6 x \(\frac{1}{10}\) + 3 x \(\frac{1}{100}\)
= 100 + O + 2 + 0.6 + 0.03 = 102.63.
(iii) The number is 3 x 10 + 0 x 1 + 0 x \(\frac{1}{10}\) + 2 x \(\frac{1}{100}\) + 5 x \(\frac{1}{1000}\)
= 30 + 0 + 0 + 0.02 + 0.005 = 30.025.
(iv) The numberis 2 x 100+ 1 x 10 + 1 x 1 + 9 x \(\frac{1}{10}\) + 0 x \(\frac{1}{100}\) + 2 x \(\frac{1}{1000}\)
= 200 + 10 + 1 + 0.9 + 0.00 + .002 = 211.902.
(v) The number is 1 x 10 + 2 x 1 + 2 x \(\frac{1}{10}\) + 4 x \(\frac{1}{100}\) + 1 x \(\frac{1}{1000}\)
= 10 + 2 + 0.2 + 0.04 + 0.001 = 12.241.

Question 3.
Write the following decimals in the place value table :
(a) 0.29, (b) 2.08, (c) 19.60, (d) 148.32, (e) 200.812.
Solution:

Question 4.
Write each of the following as decimals :

Solution:

Question 5.
Write each of the following decimals in words :
(a) 0.03
(b) 1.20
(c) 17.38
(d) 108.56
(e) 10.07
(f) 210.109
(g) 0.032
(h) 5.008.
Solution:
(a) 0.03 = Zero point zero three or three hundredths.
(b) 1.20 = One point two zero.
(c) 17.38 = Seventeen point three eight.
(d) 108.56 = One hundred eight point five six.
(e) 10.07 = Ten point zero seven.
(f) 210.109 = Two hundred ten point one zero nine.
(g) 0.032 = Zero point zero three two.
(h) 5.008 = Five point zero zero eight.

Question 6.
Between which two points numbers on the number line does each of the given number lie ?
(a) 0.06
(b) 0.45
(c) 0.19
(d) 0.66
(e) 0.92
(f) 0.57
(g) 0.03
(h) 0.20.
Solution:
All the given numbers lie between whole number 0 and 1.
(a) 0 and 0.1, nearer to the number 0.1.
(b) 0.4 and 0.5, nearer to the number 0.5.
(c) 0.1 and 0.2, nearer to the number 0.2.
(d) 0.6 and 0.7, nearer to the number 0.7.
(e) 0.9 and 1.0, nearer to the number 0.9.
(f) 0.5 and 0.6, nearer to the number 0.6.
(g) 0.0 and 0.1, nearer to the number 0.0.
(h) 0.1 and 0.3, nearer to the number 0.2.

Question 7.
Write as fractions in the lowest terms :

(a) 0.60
(b) 0.05
(c) 0.75
(d) 0.18
(f) 0.82
(g) 0.004
(h) 0.125.
(i) 0.066.
Solution:

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Ex 8.1 Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Maths Solutions Chapter 8 Decimals Exercise 8.1

Question 1.

Solution:

Question 2.
Write the following decimals in the (a) 19.4 (6) 0.3 (c) 10.6 (d) 205.9
Solution:

Question 3.
Write each of the following as decimals:
(a) 7 tenths
(b) Two tens, 9 tenths
(c) Fourteen point six
(d) One Hundred and 2 ones
(e) Six hundred point eight.
Solution:
(a) 7 tenths = \(\frac{7}{10}\) = 0.7
(b) Two tens, 9 tenths = 20 + \(\frac{9}{10}\) = 20.9.
(c) Fourteen point six = 14.6.
(d) Hundred and two ones = 102.0.
(e) Six hundred point eight = 600.8.

Question 4.
Write each of the following as decimals:

Solution:

Question 5.
Write the following decimals as fractions. Reduce the fractions to their lowest forms : (a) 0.6, (b) 2.5, (c) 1.0, (d) 3.8, (e) 13.7, (f) 21.2, (g) 6.4.
Solution:
(a) 0.6 = \(\frac{6}{10}=\frac{3}{5}\)
(b) 2.5 = \(\frac{25}{10}=\frac{5}{2}\)
(c) 1.0 = 1.
(d) 3.8 = \(\frac{38}{10}=\frac{19}{5}\)
(e) 13.7 = \(\frac{137}{10}\)
(f) 21.2 = \(\frac{212}{10}=\frac{106}{5}\)
(g) 6.4 = \(\frac{64}{10}=\frac{32}{5}\)

Question 6.
Express the following as cm using decimals :
(a) 2 mm
(b) 30 mm
(c) 116 mm
(d) 4 cm 2 mm
(e) 162 mm
(f) 83 mm.
Solution:
(a) 2 mm = \(\frac{2}{10}\) = 0.2 cm.
(b) 30 mm = \(\frac{30}{10}\) = 3.0 cm
(c) 116 mm = \(\frac{116}{10}\) = 11.6 cm
(d) 4 cm 2 mm = 4 +\(\frac{2}{10}\) = 4.2 cm
(e) 162mm = 11 + \(\frac{52}{10}\) = 11 + 5.2 = 16.2 cm.
(f) 83 mm =\(\frac{83}{10}\) = 8.3 cm.

Question 7.
Between which two whole numbers on the number line are the given numbers ? Which one is nearer the number ?
(a) 0.8, (b) 5.1, (c) 2.6, (d) 6.4, (e) 9.0, (f) 4.9.

Solution:
(a) 0-1, and nearer to the number 1.
(b) 5-6, and nearer to the number 5.
(c) 2-3, and nearer to the number 3.
(d) 6-7, and nearer to the number 6.
(e) 8-10, and nearer to the number 9.
(f) 4-5, and nearer to the number 5.

Question 8.
Show the following decimal numbers on the number line :
(a) 0.2,
(b) 1.9,
(c) 1.1,
(d) 2.5.
Solution:

Question 9.
Write the decimal number represented by the points A, B, C and D on the given number line :

Solution:
(i) Point A represents the number 0.8.
(ii) Point B represents the number 1.3
(iii) Point C represents the number 2.2
(iv) Point D represents the number 2.9.

Question 10.
(a) The length of Ramesh’s notebook is 9 cm 5 mm. What will be its length in cm ?
(b) The length of a young gram plant is 65 mm. Express its length in cm.
Solution:
(a) 9 cm 5 mm = 9 + \(\frac{5}{10}\) = 9.5 cm (b) 65 mm = \(\frac{65}{10}\) = 6.5 cm.