Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 9 The Making of Regional Cultures Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.
Haryana Board 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 9 The Making of Regional Cultures
HBSE 7th Class History The Making of Regional Cultures Textbook Questions and Answers
LET’S RECALL
Question 1.
Match the following:
| Avanatavarman | Kerala |
| Jagannatha | Bengal |
| Mahodayapuram | Orissa |
| Lilatilakam | Kangra |
| Mangalakavya | Puri |
| Miniature | Kerala |
Answer:
| Avanatavarman | Orissa |
| Jagannatha | Puri |
| Mahodayapuram | Kerala |
| Lilatilakam | Kerala |
| Mangalakavya | Bengal |
| Miniature | Kangra |
Question 2.
What is Manipravalam? Name a book written in the language.
Answer:
Manipravalam literally means diamonds and corals. It is a language. The name of a book written in this language is Lilatilakam.
Question 3.
Who were the major patrons of Kathak?
Answer:
The Mughals were the major patrons of Kathak.
Question 4.
What were the important architectural features of the temples of Bengal?
Answer:
The important architectural features of the temple of Bengal were as follows:
(а) When local deities, once worshipped in thatched huts in villages gained the recognition of the Brahmans, their images began to be housed in temples.
(b) The temples began to copy the double-foofed or four-roofed structure of the thatched huts.
(c) In the comparatively more complex four-roofed structure, four triangular roofs placed on the four walls move up to coverage on a curved line or a point.
(d) Temples were usually built on a square platform.
(e) The interior was relatively plain but the outerwalls of many temples were decorated with paintings, ornamental tiles or terracotta tablets.
LET’S DISCUSS
Question 5.
Why did ministrels proclaim the achievements of heroes?
Answer:
The ministrels proclaimed the achievements of heroes in order to:
(i) preserve their memories.
(ii) inspire others to follow their example.
Question 6.
Why do we know much more about the cultural practices of rulers than about those of ordinary people?
Answer:
Rulers adopted many methods to preserve their achievements, such as, ministrels singing their heroic stories, paintings inscriptions, historical worth, donation to temples, etc., while ordinary people did not do anything to preserve the records of their heroic deeds. Therefore, we know more about the cultural practices of rulers than about those of ordinary people.
Question 7.
Why did conquerors try to control the temple of Jagannatha at Puri?
Answer:
As the temple gained an importance , as a centre of pilgrimage, its authority in social and political matters also increased. All those who conquered Orissa, such as the Mughals, the Marathas and the English East India Company, attempted to gain control over the temple. They felt that this would make their rule acceptable to the local people.
Question 8.
Why were temples built in Bengal?
Answer:
The temple builders of Bengal wanted to demonstrate their power and proclaim their piety. Therefore, they built, temples.
LET’ DO
Question 9.
Describe the most important features of the cultures of your region, focussing on buildings, performing arts and painting.
Answer:
Students do yourselves.
(Hint: Take Delhi for example)
(i) Architecture of Delhi presents old as well as new buildings, such as Red Fort, Qutab Minar and Parliament House, India Gate.
(ii) Delhi is the centre of all types of arts such as dances, plays, poetry sessions, etc.
(iii) All types of paintings are found and done im Delhi.
Question 10.
Do you use different languages for (a) speaking, (b) reading, (c) writing? Find out about one major composition in language that you use and discuss why you find it interesting?
Answer:
Students do yourselves.
(Hint: Punjabi)
(i) Usually at home, you speak Punjabi.
(ii) You read and write book written in Gurumukhi, Hindi and English languages.
(iii) Let one major book of Punjabi (Gurumukhi) language be Guru Granth Sahib. It is the religious holy book Sikhs and teaches us about religious tolerance, therefore it is interesting.
Question 11.
Choose one state each from north, west, south, east and central India. For each of these, prepare a list of foods that are commonly consumed, highlighting any differences and similarities that you notice.
| States | Foods |
| Punjab (North) | Makki ki Roti, Sarson ka Sag, Rajma Chawal, Dal-Chapatis |
| Rajasthan (West) | Dalia, Dal and Churma, Mama Kachori |
| Kerala (South) | Rice and Fish, Idli, Sambhar, Dosa |
| West Bengal (East) | Rice and Fish |
| Madhya Pradesh | Dal-Chapattis, (Central) Rice, Pulses |
Similarities and Differences:
Rice and Chapatti is common throughout India. However, in some parts more of non- vegetaticn food is pupular.
Question 12.
Choose another set of five states from each of these regions and prepare a list of clothes that are generally worn by women and men in each. Discuss your findings.
Answer:
Clothes of Man of five States:
(i) Pants, Jeans
(ii) Shirt
(iii) Bush-Shirt
(iv) Coat
(v) Jackets
(vi) Pyjama Kurta
(vii) Shawls
(viii) Sweaters
List of Clothes worn by women:
(i) Sarees
(ii) Petikot
(iii) Blouse
(iv) Salwar-Kameez
(v) Dupatta
(vi) Undergarment
(vii) Ghagra-Choli
(viii) Shawls, Sweater
(ix) Skirt
(x) Jeans
(xi) Trousers.
HBSE 7th Class History The Making of Regional Cultures Important Questions and Answers
Very Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
Which language was introduced by the Chera kings?
Answer:
The Chera kings introduced Mdlayalam langugage and script in their inscriptions.
Question 2.
Name two gharanas associated with Kathak.
Answer:
The two gharanas or traditions associated with Kathak are: Rajasthan . (Jaipur) and Lucknow.
Question 3.
Name the six classical dance forms of our country.
Answer:
Kathak, Bharatanatyam, Kathakali, Odissi, Kuchipudi, Manipuri are the six classical dance forms of our country.
Question 4.
What are miniature paintings?
Answer:
The miniature paintings are small sized paintings, generally done in water colour on cloth or paper.
Short Answer Type Questions
Question 1.
How did regional cultures evolve?
Answer:
(a) Regional cultures today are often the product of complex processes of inter-mixing of local traditions with ideas from other parts of the sub-continent. Some , traditions appear specific to some regions, others seem to be similar across regions and yet others derive from older practices in a particular area, but take a new form in other regions.
Question 2.
What place did women find in the stories about Rajput heroes?
Answer:
The women found a place in the stories about Rajput heroes as:
(a) They figure as the cause for conflicts, as men forht with one another to either win or protect men.
(b) Women are also depicted as following their heroic husbands in both life and death.
(c) There are stories about the practice of sati or the immolation of windows as the funeral pyre of their husbands.
Question 3.
What did ‘purs’ include?
Answer:
The term ‘pirs’ included saints or sufis and other religious personalities, daring colonisers and defied soldiers, various Hindu and Buddhist deities and even animistic spirits. The cult of pirs became very popular and their shrines can be found everywhere in Bengal.
Long Answer Type Questions
Question 1
How did Kathak develop and enrich as a dance form?
Ans.
(i) Kathak developed into a form of dance with a distinctive style in the courts of Mughal emperors and nobles.
(ii) It developed in two traditions: one in the courts of Rajasthan (Jaipur) and the other in Lucknow.
(iii) Kathak grew into a major art form under the patronage of Wajid Ali Shah, the last Nawab of Awadh.
(iv) By the third quarter of the nineteenth century it developed firmly as a dance form in areas other than Rajasthan and Lucknow such as present, day Punjab, Haryana, Jammu and Kashmir, Bihar and Madhya Pradesh.
(v) Emphasis was laid on intricate and ; rapid footwork, elaborate costumes, as well as on the enactment of stories.
Question 2.
What are two categories in which early Bengali literature be divided into? Differentiate between these two categories.
Answer:
The two categories in which early Bengali literature was divided into as follows:
| Were | as follows |
| (i) Literature indebted to Sanskrit. | (i) Literature independent of Sanskrit. |
| (ii) It includes translations of the Sanskrit epics, the Mangalakavyas (auspicious poems dealing with local deities) and bhakti literature such as the biographies of Chaitanyadeva, the leader of the Vaishnava bhakti movement. | (ii) It includes Nath literature such as the songs of Maynamat and Gopi Chandra, stories concerning the worship of Dharma Thakur, and fairy tales, folk tales and ballads. |
| (iii) They are easier to date, as several manuscripts have been found indicating that they were composed between the late fifteenth and mid-eighteenth centuries | (iii) They circulated orally and cannot be precisely dated. They were particularly popular in eastern Bengal, where the influence of Brahmanas was relatively weak. |
The Making of Regional Cultures Class 7 HBSE Notes
- Apabhramsa: The various languages spoken by local people are called Apabhramsa.
- Portrait: Drawing sketches of a living beings is called a portrait.
- Dialect: Sub-division of a particular language spoken is called dialect.
- Gharana: Tradition of classical dance, and music.
- Rajputana: Region which constitutes most of present-day Rajasthan, was called Rajputana.
- Animism: Attribution of living soul to plants, inanimate objects, and natural phenomena.
- Subas: Different provinces under Mughal Empire.
- Brihaddharma Purana: 13th century Sanskrit text from Bengal which permits the Bengali Brahmans to eat certain types of fish.