HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 3 Motions of the Earth

Haryana State Board HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 3 Motions of the Earth Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 6th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 3 Motions of the Earth

HBSE 6th Class Geography Motions of the Earth Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Answer the questions briefly:
(а) What is the angle of inclination of the earth’s axis with its orbital plane?
Answer:
The angle of inclination of the earth’s axis with its orbital plane is 661/2°.

(b) Define rotation and revolution:
Answer:
Rotation : The movement of the earth with axis is called rotation.
Revolution : The movement of the earth around the sun in a fixed path or orbit is known as revolution.

(c) What is a leap year?
Answer:
The time taken by the earth to complete one revolution is 365 1/4 days. For convenience, we have 365 days in a year. We have fraction 1/4 and every fourth year we add one day to the year. The year to which one day is added has 366 days and it is called a leap year.

HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 3 Motions of the Earth

(d) Differentiate between the summer solstice and winter solstice.
Answer:

Summer solstice Winter solstice
In the Northern Hemisphere the longest day and the shortest night occur on 21st June. At this time in the Southern Hemisphere it occurs the shortest day and the longest night. This position of the earth is called summer solstice. In the Northern Hemisphere the shortest day and longest night occur on 22nd December. At this time in the Southern Hemisphere it occurs the longest day and the shortest night. This position of the earth is known as winter solstice.

(e) What is an equinox?
Answer:
On 21st March and September 23rd, direct rays of the sun falls on the equator. At this position, neither of the poles is tilted towards the sun. Therefore, the entire earth experiences equal days and equal nights. This phenomenon is called an equinox.

(f) Why does the Southern Hemisphere experience Winter and Summer Solstice in different times then that of the Northern Hemisphere?
Answer:
On 21st June, the Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun. The North Pole is inclined towards the sun and the places beyond the Arctic Circle experience daylight for about six months is summer in the regions north of the equator. This position is summer solstice. However, the reverse conditions prevail in the Southern Hemisphere. When it is summer in the Southern Hemisphere, it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere.

(g) Why do the poles experience about six months ‘day and six months’ night?
Answer:
When Northern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun, the sun rays fall directly on the Tropic of Cancer. As a result, it receives more heat. The areas near the Pole receives less heat as the rays of sun are slanting. The North Pole is inclined towards the sun experience continuous day light. Since the large portion of the Northern Hemisphere is getting light from the sun, therefore it is summer in regions north of equator. Hence it experiences six-months day. In the same way it repeats in Southern Hemisphere when the sun-rays fall directly on Tropic of Capricorn and the Southern Hemisphere is tilted towards the sun. It experiences six-months day and six-months night and vice versa.

HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 3 Motions of the Earth

Question 2.
Tick the correct answers.
(a) The movement of the earth around the sun is known as:
(i) Rotation
(ii) Revolution
(iii) Inclination
Answer:
(ii) Revolution

(b) Direct rays of the sun fall on the equator on:
(i) 21st March
(ii) 21st June
(iii) 22nd December
Answer:
(i) 21st March

(c) Christmas is celebrated in summer in :
(i) Japan
(ii) India
(iii) Australia
Answer:
(iii) Australia

(d) Cycle of the seasons is caused due to :
(i) Rotation
(ii) Revolution
(iii) Gravitation
Answer:
(ii) Revolution

Question 3.
Fill in the blanks :

  1. A leap year has _________ number of days.
  2. The daily motion of the earth is _________.
  3. The earth travels around the sun in _________ orbit.
  4. The sun’s rays vertically on the Tropic of on 21st June.
  5. Days are shorter during _________ season.

Answer:

  1. 366
  2. rotation
  3. elliptical
  4. Cancer
  5. winter.

THINGS TO DO

Question 1.
Make a drawing to show the inclination of the earth.
Answer:
HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 3 Motions of the Earth img 1
Inclination of the Earth’s axis and unequal length of days and nights

HBSE 6th Class Geography Motions of the Earth Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Name the two motion of the earth.
Answer:
Rotation, Revolution.

Question 2.
In which hemisphere does Australia lie?
Answer:
Australia lies in the Southern Hemisphere.

HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 3 Motions of the Earth

Question 3.
Why do the areas near the poles receive less heat?
Answer:
It is because the rays of the sun are slanting on the poles.

Question 5.
Name the four seasons.
Answer:
The four seasons are:

  • The Summer
  • The Winter
  • The Autumn
  • The Spring.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Why does not the whole earth get day at the same time?
Answer:
Since the earth is spherical in nature, only half of it gets light from the sun at a time. The portion facing the sun experiences day while the other half away from the sun experiences night.

Question 2.
What would happen if the earth did not rotate?
Answer:
The portion of the earth facing the sun would always experience day, thus bringing continuous warmth to the region. The other half would remain in darkness and be freezing cold all the time. Life would not have been possible in such extreme conditions.

Question 3.
Why is it hotter when the sun- rays are vertical at a place?
Answer:
The rays of the morning sun are hottest than, the evening. This is because the rays of the sun are almost vertical at noon. They fall over a small area and hence give a greater amount of heat. The rays of the sun are slanting in the morning and in the evening. They spread over a wider area and hence give less amount of heat. That is why it is hotter when the sun rays are vertical at a place.

HBSE 6th Class Social Science Solutions Geography Chapter 3 Motions of the Earth

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Differentiate between rotation and revolution of the earth.
Answer:

Revolution Revolution
(a) Rotation is the movement of the earth around its axis. (a) Revolution is the movement of the earth around the sun.
(b) Rotation takes place once in 24 hours. (b) Revolution takes place once in 3651/4.
(c) The earth rotates about axis on its own. (c) The earth revolves around the sun in an elliptical orbit.
(d) This motion of the earth causes day and night. (d) This motion of the earth Causes seasons.

Question 2.
Distinguish between Solstice and Equinox.
Answer:
Solstice : When the rays of the sun are falling vertically on Tropic of Cancer in Northern Hemisphere, the days are longer and nights are shorter. It receives more heat. Therefore, it is having the summer season. The day when the sun rays fall vertically on the Tropic of Cancer (21st June) is referred to as summer solstice. The day of 22nd December in South Hemisphere is known as winter solstice as the rays of the sun fall vertically on Tropic of Capricorn in Southern Hemisphere.

Equinox: On 23rd September and 21st March, the rays of the sun fall vertically on equator at noon. Both the poles receive slanting rays of the sun. 23rd September is autumn season in Northern Hemisphere. It is called autumn equinox in Northern Hemisphere. In the Southern Hemisphere it is referred to as spring equinox. It is summer in the Southern Hemisphere.

Motions of the Earth Class 6 HBSE Notes

  • Circle of Illumination : It is the circle that divides the day from night on the globe.
  • Axis of the Earth : It is an imaginary line that makes an angle of 661/2° with its orbit plane.
  • Dawn : The period of diffused light before sunrise.
  • Dusk : The period of diffused light after the sunset.
  • Revolution : Annual motion of the earth around the sun along a fixed path.
  • Rotation : The daily motion of the earth about its imaginary axis.
  • Inclination of the Earth’s axis: The earth remains tilted to one side while it revolves around the sun. This tilt is called the inclination of the earth’s axis.

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