HBSE 9th Class English Grammar Tenses

Haryana State Board HBSE 9th Class English Solutions Grammar Tenses Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 9th Class English Grammar Tenses

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

Tense :
(काल किसे कहते हैं ?)
The tense of a verb shows the time of an action or event. (क्रिया का काल, कार्य या घटना के समय के बारे में । जानकारी देता है।)

Verb (क्रिया किसे कहते हैं ?)
The word that tells us about the process of doing any action or event is known as a verb. (जो शब्द किसी कार्य या घटना के करने या होने के बारे में जानकारी देता है, उसे क्रिया कहते हैं।)
अंग्रेज़ी भाषा में verb के तीन रूप होते हैं-
(1) Present
(2) Past
(3) Past Participle.
HBSE 9th Class English Grammar Tenses -1

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

HBSE 9th Class English Grammar Tenses -2
HBSE 9th Class English Grammar Tenses -3
HBSE 9th Class English Grammar Tenses -4

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

There are three main, tenses corresponding the three divisions of time. These are:

(a) The Present Tense.
(b) The Past Tense.
(c) The Future Tense.

Each of these three main tenses has four forms :
(i) Simple or Indefinite
(ii) Continuous or Progressive
(iii) Perfect
(v) Perfect Continuous

I. The Simple Present (Or The Present Indefinite)

पहचान : इस Tense से संबंधित वाक्य का जब हिंदी में उच्चारण किया जाता है तो वाक्य के अंत में ता है, ती है, ता हूँ… ते हैं, की आवाज आती है।
HBSE 9th Class English Grammar Tenses -5

S= Subject (कर्ता कारक)
V= Verb (क्रिया)
O= Object (कर्म कारक)
यदि Subject (he, she, it, singular Noun हो तो , के साथ s/es लगाते हैं। जैसे-)
My mother goes to temple daily.
My mother does not go to temple daily.
Does your mother go to temple daily?

Uses :
इन वाक्यों में daily, every, always, often, usually, generally शब्द लगे होते हैं।
(a) To describe habitual actions.
(आदत वाले कार्य को बताने के लिए।)
Ram gets up early in the morning. Then he goes for a walk.

(b) To express a general, universal or scientific truth.
(सामान्य, शाश्वत या वैज्ञानिक तथ्य को बताने के लिए।)
The sun rises in the east.

(c) To express a fact which is true at the time of speaking.
(ऐसे तथ्य को व्यक्त करने के लिए जो बात करते समय सत्य है।)
Krishma lives in Mumbai.

(d) In describing running commentaries :
(आँखों देखा हाल बताने के लिए।
Raman passes the ball to Kamal and he hits it into the goal.

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

II. The Present Continuous Tense

पहचान : इस Tense से संबंधित वाक्य का जब हिंदी में अनुवाद किया जाता है तो वाक्य के अंत में रहा है, रही है, रहे। हैं, की आवाज आती है।

Simple Sentences – S+ Is/Am/Are + Vi+ing +O
Negative Sentences – S + Is/Am/Are +not+V, + ing+O
Interrogative Sentences – Is/Am/Are +S+V.+ing +O?

I के साथ am का प्रयोग करते हैं। He, She, It और singular noun के साथ is का प्रयोग करते हैं। We, you, they और Plural Noun के साथ are का प्रयोग करते हैं; जैसेLook ! the two boys are fighting. I am doing my work.

Uses :
(a) It shows what is happening now, at the time of writing or speaking.
(जो कार्य अब बात करते या लिखते समय हो रहा है।)
Shubham is studying in his room, but his brother Arun is playing in the garden.

(b) To express an action which may not be actually going on at the time of speaking, but it is going on in general.
(जो कार्य बात करते समय नहीं चल रहा, मगर सामान्य रूप से चल रहा है, उसे व्यक्त करने के लिए।)
She is writing a book on Economics.

(c) To express an action which is likely to happen in near future.
(उस घटना को व्यक्त करने के लिए जो निकट भविष्य में हो सकती है।)
My brother is coming next week.

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

Exercise 1

Put the verbs in brackets into the Simple Present Tense or the Present Continuous Tense:
1. Suman generally (wear) a white suit but today she (wear) a blue one.
2. 1 (come) here every Sunday.
3. She never (tell) a lie.
4. What (do) snakes eat?
5. The workers (repair) the road at present.
6. People (wear) new clothes on Diwali.
7. My children generally (go) to their uncle during the holidays. But they (nor go) this summer as we all (go) to Shimla.
8. I usually (drink) coffee but now I (drink) tea.
9. We have our lunch at the Ashoka Restaurant this afternoon.
10. As it is good weather, children (play) in the garden.
Answers:
1. wears: is wearing,
2. come,
3. tells,
4. do,
5. are repairing,
6. wear,
7. go are not going: are going,
8. drink; am drinking,
9. are having,
10. are playing.

III. The Present Perfect Tense

पहचान : इस Tense से संबंधित वाक्य का जब हिंदी में अनुवाद किया जाता है तो वाक्य के अंत में चुका है, या लिया है, की आवाज आती है।
Simple Sentences – S+ has/have + V: + Object
Negative Sentences – S+ has/have + not +V, +O
Interrogative Sentences – Has/Have +S+V+O?
He, she, it और singular noun के साथ has का प्रयोग होता है।
I, we, you, they और plural noun के साथ have का प्रयोग होता है। जैसे-
The bell has gone.
I have learnt my lesson.
Have you returned the library books?

Uses :
(a) To express an action which has just been completed.
(किसी ऐसे कार्य का वर्णन करने के लिए जो अभी-अभी पूर्ण हुआ है।)
Have you written a letter?
Yes, I have just completed it.

(b) To express an action which began in the past and has continued upto the present. For this use of the tense, for and since can be used to denote the length of time. For is used to show the length of time and since to show the point of time.

(किसी ऐसे कार्य का वर्णन करने के लिए जो भूतकाल से चलकर वर्तमान समय तक जारी रहा हो। समय की अवधि कां वर्णन करने के लिए since और for का प्रयोग किया जाता है। For का प्रयोग समय की अवधि दर्शाने के लिए और Since का प्रयोग निश्चित समय-बिंदु को दर्शाने के लिए किया जाता है।)
He has been a teacher since 1985.
I have known him for the last ten years.

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

(c) To express an action which happened in the past at an indefinite time. We either don’t know the time of its happening or we don’t mention it.
(भूतकाल में किसी अनिश्चित समय में घटित होने वाले कार्य का वर्णन करने के लिए। हम कार्य के होने के समय के बारे में नहीं जानते और न ही उसका वर्णन करते हैं।)
I have seen the Taj Mahal
I have met the author of this book.

(d) In the sentences having ‘yet’. negative sentences of this are formed.
(जिस वाक्य में yet लगा होता है उसमें इस tense के साथ not का प्रयोग करते हैं।)
The match has not started yet. He has not come yet.

IV. The Present Perfect Continuous Tense

पहचान : वाक्य के अंत में से रहा है, से रही है, से रहा हूँ, से रहे हैं, इत्यादि लगा होता है।
Simple Sentences – S + has/have + been + V + ing+O
Negative Sentences – S + has/have + not been + V + ing+O
Interrogative Sentences – Has/Have + S + been + V, + ing+O?

I have been living here only for five years.
No, I have not been living here since long.
Have you been living here for a long time?

Uses :
(a) To express an action which began in the past but is still continuing. Since and For are used to denote the length of time.
(किसी ऐसे कार्य का वर्णन करने के लिए जो भूतकाल में किसी समय से आरंभ होकर अभी भी निरंतर रूप से चल)
It has been raining since morning
We have been waiting for the rain to stop.

(b) To express an action, which has just finished, but whose effect or result still continues :
(किसी ऐसे कार्य का वर्णन करने के लिए जो अभी-अभी पूरा हुआ है लेकिन उसका प्रभाव या परिणाम अभी भी जारी है।)
I am tired; I have been watering the plants since morning.
I am late because I have been washing my car.

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

Exercise 2

Put the verbs in the Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous Tense :

1. He (fake) his meal and is playing in the garden now.
2. I ……….. (read) all the plays of Shakespeare.
3. I (ring) the bell for five minutes, but nobody (come) to answer.
4. This woman (visit the shop five times, but so far she (not purchase) anything.
5. He is a famous player. He (play) football since he was ten years old.
6. I (wait) for you for the last one hour.
7. Mohan (live) in this town since 1935.
8. You cannot meet Rajesh. He just go) out.
9. Geeta went to Delhi six months ago, but I (not hear) from her so far.
10. I (not see) the Taj Mahal but I am planning to visit Agra next week.
Answers:
1. has taken
2. have read
3. have been ringing: has come
4. has visited; has not purchased
5. has been playing
6. have been waiting
7. has been living
8. has just gone
9. have not heard
10. have not seen.

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

V. The Simple Past Tense

पहचान । इस Tense वाले वाक्यों का हिंदी अनुवाद करने पर वाक्य के अंत में आ, ए, ई, की आवाज आती है।

(a) Simple past tense में subject के साथ verb की IInd form का प्रयोग होता है; जैसे-
Mohan went to Agra.
I met Amrish Puri.

(b) Negative (नकारात्मक) वाक्यों में subject के साथ did not + verb की Ist form का प्रयोग होता है; जैसे
Mohan did not go to Agra.
I did not meet Amrish Puri.

(c) Interrogative (प्रश्नवाचक) वाक्यों में did + subject + verb की Ist form का प्रयोग होता है; या Question Word + did + subject + verb Ist Form होता है-
Did Mohan go to Agra?
Did I meet Amrish Puri?

Uses
(a) To express an action completed in the past at a definite time.
(अतीत में निश्चित समय पर पूरे हुए कार्य को व्यक्त करने के लिए।)
Nehru died in 1964. (die)
I met Shyam yesterday. (meet)
I visited Lucknow four years ago. (visit)
She did not visit us last year. (visit)
इन वाक्यों में भूतकाल का वर्णन करने के लिए yesterday, last, ago और in + सन् (year) आदि शब्द लगे होते हैं।

(b) To express a past habit.
(अतीत की आदत को व्यक्त करने हेतु।)
My grandfather always went for a walk in the morning. (go)
He always carried an umbrella. (carry)

(c) To express an action which took place at a definite time in the past even though the time is not given
म कार्य को व्यक्त करने के लिए जो किसी निश्चित समय पर हुआ था चाहे उसका समय नहीं बताया गया।”
I bought this suit at Connaught Place. (buy)

(d) To express some historical events
(कुछ ऐतिहासिक घटनाओं का वर्णन करने के लिए; जैसे-)
Shahjahan built the Taj. (build)
Babar founded the Mughal Empire. (found)

(e) If one part of the sentence is in Past Continuous Tense.
(यदि वाक्य का एक भाग Past Continuous Tense हैं।)
I was taking my lunch when he arrived. (arrive)
I saw that the two boys were fighting. (see)

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

(f) To express the condition of past.
(भूतकाल की शर्त का वर्णन करने के लिए if वाले वाक्यों में यदि एक भाग में would/should/could + Verb की 1st form लगी हो तो दूसरे भाग में Verb की IInd form का प्रयोग करते हैं।)
He would pass if he worked hard. (work)
She would get a job if she applied for it. (apply)

(g) Connectors (neither, and, but, because, as)
Verb of Ind form
के साथ यदि एक भाग में Verb की IInd form लगी हो तो दूसरे भाग में भी Verb की IInd form का प्रयोग करते हैं।)
Neither he came nor sent any message. (send)
He failed because he did not work hard. (fail)

Exercise 3

Fill in the blanks with the simple Past Tense :
1. I was walking along the road when suddenly I …………. (meet) an old lady.
2. The policeman ………… (ask) me where I was going.
3. I……….. (tell) him that I was going to Pindara.
4. The old man was a beggar. He……….. (beg) me to give him something.
5. We……….. (hear) a terrifying news last night.
6. I……….. (take) pity on the old man and gave him five rupees.
7. L……….. (feel) happy for helping an old and hungry man.
8. Ireturmed from Pindara after one hour and ……….. (meet) the same old man again.
9. I recognised him but he ………… (not recognise) me.
10. When I came near him, he again ………… (ask) me for money.
Answers:
1. met
2. asked
3. told
4. begged
5. heard
6. took
7. felt
8. met
9. did not recognise
10. asked.

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

VI. The Past Continuous Tense

पहचान : इस Tense वाले वाक्यों का हिंदी अनुवाद करने पर रहा था, रही थी, रहे थे, की आवाज आती है।
Simple Sentences – S + was/were + V + ing + O
Negative Sentences – S + was/were + not + V + ing+O
Interrogative Sentences – Was/Were + S + V, + ing+O?

The baby was sleeping in the cradle. They were making a noise. I, he, she, it और singular noun के साथ was का प्रयोग किया जाता है। He, she, it और plural noun के साथ were का प्रयोग किया जाता है।

Uses
(a) This tense is used to express an action which was continuing at some point of time in the past
(इस Tense का प्रयोग उन वाक्यों में किया जाता है जिनमें कोई कार्य भूतकाल में किसी निश्चित समय पर चल रहा था।)
(नोट-इस Tense वाले वाक्यों में एक भाग में when के साथ verb की 2nd Form लगी होती है।)
The fire was burning when we came in.

(b) To express two or more actions happening simultaneously in the past:
(भूतकाल में एक साथ होने वाले दो कार्यों का वर्णन करने के लिए।)
While she was writing, he was looking at her beautiful pen.

VII. The Past Perfect Tense

पहचान : वाक्य का हिंदी में अनुवाद करने पर वाक्य के अंत से चुका था, चुके थे, चुकी थी, की आवाज आती है।

(a) इस Tense में subject के बाद had + verb की IIIrd form का प्रयोग होता है; जैसे-
I had done his work.

(b) नकारात्मक (Negative) वाक्यों में had + not + verb की IIIrd form का प्रयोग होता है; जैसे
I had not done his work.

(c) प्रश्नवाचक (Interrogative) वाक्यों में had + subject + verb की IIIrd form का प्रयोग होता है; जैसे-
Had I done his work?
Had he written a letter?

Uses
(a) To express an action that has completed before the fixed time in past.
किसी ऐसे कार्य को व्यक्त करने के लिए जो किसी दूसरे कार्य के आरंभ होने से पहले पूरा हो चुका था; जैसे-
The fire had burnt the huts before the fire brigade came. (burn)
The thief had run away before the police came. (run)
नोट-इन वाक्यों में कार्य के संपन्न होने का वर्णन करने के लिए before, after, already, by, till और until शब्द लगे। होते हैं।

(b) To express an action that has completed before the beginning of second action.
किसी ऐसे कार्य को व्यक्त करने के लिए जो past के निश्चित समय से पहले पूरा हो गया था; जैसे-
I had already done my work by 6 p.m. yesterday. (do)
He had not met me before. (not meet)

(c) To express an unfulfilled wish of the past.
(Brita i surfav)
He wished that he had accepted the offer. (accept)
If only you had worked hard. (work)

(d) If in past happens more than one action, for former action past perfect is used.
अगर past में एक से अधिक कार्य हुए हों तो पहले होने वाले कार्य के लिए Past Perfect का प्रयोग करते हैं; जैसे-
I went home after I had finished the work. (finish)

(e) To express an impossible condition of the past.
(अतीत की असंभव शर्त को व्यक्त करने के लिए if वाले

If he had walked carefully, he would not have fallen. (walk)

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

Exercise 4

Supply the correct Past Tense of the verb given in the brackets:
1. He told the doctor that his son just………… (break) his leg.
2. The accident……… (occur) at 6 o’clock this evening.
3. When I reached the house ……….. (find) that thieves………………… (break) into it.
4. I found that they . .. (take) away my T.V.
5. The bell ……….(go) before I reached the school.
6. The match… ..(begin) before we reached the stadium.
7. The thieves.. . (run) away before the police ………………. (arrive).
8. When I reached the cinema hall, the picture already……….. (begin)
9. By the time the firemen arrived the fire ………… (destroy) many huts.
10. If he …….. (walk) carefully, he would not have fallen.
Answers:
1. had just broken,
2. occurred,
3. found; had broken,
4. had taken,
5. had gone,
6. had begun,
7. had run away: arrived,
8. had already begun,
9. had destroyed,
10. had walked.

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

VIII. The Past Perfect Continuous Tense

पहचान : वाक्य का हिंदी में अनुवाद करने पर वाक्य के अंत में से रहा था, से रही थी, से रहे थे की आवाज आती है।
This tense is formed by using had+been+I st form of the verb + ing. The negative is formed by putting nor between had and been. In interrogative sentences, had is put before the subject.

The fire had been burning for four hours before the fire brigade arrived. Had it been burning since moming.
No, it had not been burning since morning.

Uses
This tense is used to express the continuity of an action at a given point in the past. In other words, the action started before a given point in the past, it was continuing at that time and probably continued after that also.
यह Tense भूतकाल में किसी निश्चित समय से पहले भूतकाल की किसी अवधि से कार्य के जारी रहने वाले वाक्यों में प्रयोग किया जाता है। वाक्य में since/for लगा होता है।

नोट – Since या for वाले वाक्यों में एक भाग में when के साथ verb की 2nd form लगी होती है।
He had been waiting for me when I reached there.
The match had been going on for two hours when I reached the stadium.

Exercise 5

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct Past Tense:
1. At 9 a.m. last night …………. (watch) the television.
2. The players (enter) the stage carrying torches.
3. 1 (play) guitar since I was ten.
4. He (cross) the room and (sit) in the chair.
5. When I was at school. I (take) pari in cultural activities.
6. When he came in, we (take) dinner.
7. Last year I (attend) a conference at Chennai.
8. An accident (take) place at the crossroads last evening.
9. When Mohan (be) five years old, his father (die).
10. When I was walking along the road, the wind (blow) off my hat.
Answers:
1. was watching
2. entered
3. had been playing
4. crossed; sat
5. took
6. were taking
7. attended
8. took place
9. was; died
10. blew off.

HBSE Class 9 English Grammar Tenses

Exercise 6

The correct form of the verb given in brackets:
1. I always …………… (come) to see you here.
2. I …………… (finish) my work before he came.
3. Naveen …………… (not eat) nutritious food since morning.
4. I …………… (never see) him before.
Answers:
1. come
2. had finished
3. had not been eating
4. have never seen.

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