II. Answer each question in a short paragraph.<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1.
\nWhat difference does the author note between the fute seller and the other hawkers?
\n(\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0924\u0925\u093e \u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092b\u0947\u0930\u0940 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964)
\nAnswer:
\nThe other hawkers were selling their wares crying loudly. But the flute-seller does not shout out his wares. He was standing in a comer of the square. He was playing upon a flute slowly, meditatively, and without excessive display.<\/p>\n
(\u0905\u0928\u094d\u092f \u092b\u0947\u0930\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0930-\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0917\u093e\u0915\u0930 \u092c\u0947\u091a \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0925\u0947\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0915\u093f\u0928 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u093e \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u091c\u0930\u093e \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u0930\u0935\u093e\u0939 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u091a\u094c\u0930\u093e\u0939\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u0915\u094b\u0928\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0916\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u0927\u0940\u092e\u0947 \u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902, \u0935\u093f\u091a\u093e\u0930\u092e\u0917\u094d\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u092c\u093f\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0927\u093f\u0915 \u0936\u094b\u0930 \u092e\u091a\u093e\u090f \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u091c\u093e \u0930\u0939\u093e \u0925\u093e\u0964)<\/p>\n
Question 2.
\nWhat is the belief at Pashupatinath about the end of Kaliyug?
\n(\u0915\u0932\u092f\u0941\u0917 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0924 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u094d\u092f\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948?)
\nAnswer:
\nThe river Bagmati flows near the Pashupatinath temple. There is a small shrine on the river bank. It is half in the water of the river. The Nepalese believe that when the whole shrine comes out, the goddess of the shrine will appear and end the evil period of Kaliyug on earth.<\/p>\n
(\u092c\u093e\u0917\u092e\u0924\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u092c\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0915\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u0930 \u090f\u0915 \u091b\u094b\u091f\u093e-\u0938\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092f\u0939 \u0906\u0927\u093e \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093f\u0936\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0938 \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u091c\u092c \u092a\u0942\u0930\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0940 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0906 \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e, \u0924\u094b \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0935\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u091f \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0932\u092f\u0941\u0917 \u0915\u093e \u092c\u0941\u0930\u093e \u0938\u092e\u092f \u0938\u092e\u093e\u092a\u094d\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u091c\u093e\u090f\u0917\u093e\u0964)<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Question 3.
\nThe author has drawn powerful images and pictures, Pick out three examples each of:
\n(\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u0936\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f\u0936\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0915\u0932\u094d\u092a\u0928\u093e\u0913\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u091a\u093f\u0924\u094d\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u093f\u092f\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0915\u0947 \u0924\u0940\u0928 \u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923 \u0926\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964)<\/p>\n
(i) the atmosphere of febrile confusion’ outside the temple of Pashupatinath (For example: some people trying to get priest’s attention are elbowed aside…….)
\n(\u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0939\u094c\u0932 \u0939\u0948 (\u0909\u0926\u093e\u0939\u0930\u0923\u0938\u094d\u0935\u0930\u0942\u092a : \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u092a\u0941\u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940 \u091c\u0940 \u0915\u093e \u0927\u094d\u092f\u093e\u0928 \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0915\u094b\u0939\u0928\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u0915\u0930………….)<\/p>\n
(ii) the things he sees
\n(\u0935\u0939 \u091c\u094b \u091a\u0940\u091c\u0947\u0902 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964)<\/p>\n
(iii) the sounds he hears
\n(\u0935\u0939 \u091c\u094b \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964)
\nAnswer:
\n(i) There is a great rush of worshippers in the temple. Priests, hawkers, devotees, tourists, cows, monkeys and dogs roam through the grounds of the temple. The devotees are in a hurry. So there is an atmosphere of complete confusion outside the temple of Pashupatinath.<\/p>\n
(\u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0942\u091c\u093e \u0915\u0930\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u092d\u0940\u0921\u093c \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u0941\u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940, \u092b\u0947\u0930\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947, \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0932\u0941, \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u091f\u0915, \u0917\u093e\u090f\u0902, \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092e\u0948\u0926\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0907\u0927\u0930-\u0909\u0927\u0930 \u0918\u0942\u092e \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0936\u094d\u0930\u0926\u094d\u0927\u093e\u0932\u0941 \u091c\u0932\u094d\u0926\u092c\u093e\u091c\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0932\u093f\u090f \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0939\u0930 \u0905\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0939\u094c\u0932 \u0939\u0948\u0964)<\/p>\n
(ii) The author sees the confusion at the Pashupatinath temple. He finds people pushing one another He sees monkeys fighting with each other. He also sees people dropping flowers and leaves into the Bagmati River.<\/p>\n
(\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0915\u093e \u092e\u093e\u0939\u094c\u0932 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0927\u0915\u094d\u0915\u0947 \u092e\u093e\u0930\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0906\u092a\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0964 \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u093e\u0917\u092e\u0924\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u092d\u0940 \u0926\u0947\u0916\u093e\u0964)<\/p>\n
(iii) The author hears the blaring of film songs. He hears the vendors shouting their wares. He also hears the sweet music of a flute seller.<\/p>\n
(\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0928\u0947 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0917\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0927\u0941\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0940\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0938\u0928\u0947 \u092b\u0947\u0930\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0905\u092a\u0928\u0940 \u091a\u0940\u091c\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0926\u094d\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0908 \u0917\u0908 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u092e\u0927\u0941\u0930 \u0927\u0941\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092d\u0940 \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964)<\/p>\n
III. Answer the following questions in not more than 100-150 words each.<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1.
\nCompare and contrast the atmosphere in and around the Baudhnath shrine with the Pashupatinath temple.
\n(\u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0938\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0947 \u0938\u093e\u0925 \u0924\u0941\u0932\u0928\u093e \u0914\u0930 \u0935\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0927\u093e\u092d\u093e\u0938 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0940\u091c\u093f\u090f\u0964)
\nAnswer:
\nThe author describes two temples of Kathmandu. One is the Pashupatinath temple of the Hindus, The other is the Baudhnath Stupa which is a shrine of the Buddhists. There is a contrast in the atmosphere at these two shrines. At Pashupatinath, the author finds a lot of noise and confusion.<\/p>\n
The author finds priests, hawkers, devotees, tourists, cows, monkeys, pigeons and dogs roaming there. There is a crowd of devotees and people push one another to make their way to the Lord. Only Hindus are allowed to enter this temple. A group of Westerners struggle for permission to enter. But the policeman at the gate does not allow them to go in. Two monkeys fight each other and one of them runs screaming around the temple.<\/p>\n
The Bagmati river flows below the temple. People drop flowers and leaves into the river. On the other hand, the atmosphere at the Baudhnath Stupa is calm. The Stupa has a big white dome. The author does not find any crowd there.<\/p>\n
(\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0920\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u0926\u094b \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u090f\u0915 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0941\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u093e \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0942\u092a \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0928 \u0926\u094b\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923\u094b\u0902 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0924\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0936\u0941\u092a\u0924\u093f\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0936\u094b\u0930 \u090f\u0935\u0902 \u0905\u0935\u094d\u092f\u0935\u0938\u094d\u0925\u093e \u0928\u091c\u093c\u0930 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u0941\u091c\u093e\u0930\u0940, \u092b\u0947\u0930\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947, \u092d\u0915\u094d\u0924, \u092a\u0930\u094d\u092f\u091f\u0915, \u0917\u093e\u090f\u0902, \u0915\u092c\u0942\u0924\u0930, \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0918\u0942\u092e\u0924\u0947 \u0928\u091c\u0930 \u0906\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n
\u092d\u0915\u094d\u0924\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u092d\u0940\u0921\u093c \u0939\u0948 \u091c\u094b \u092d\u0917\u0935\u093e\u0928 \u0924\u0915 \u092a\u0939\u0941\u0901\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u090f\u0915-\u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u0915\u094b \u0927\u0915\u0947\u0932\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0915\u0947\u0935\u0932 \u0939\u093f\u0902\u0926\u0913\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u0915\u0940 \u0905\u0928\u0941\u092e\u0924\u093f \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0932\u094b\u0917\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u0926\u0932 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0935\u0947\u0936 \u092a\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0938\u0902\u0918\u0930\u094d\u0937 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0917\u0930 \u0917\u0947\u091f \u092a\u0930 \u0916\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0938\u093f\u092a\u093e\u0939\u0940 \u0909\u0928\u094d\u0939\u0947\u0902 \u0905\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u093e\u0964 \u0926\u094b \u092c\u0902\u0926\u0930 \u0906\u092a\u0938 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0932\u0921\u093c \u092a\u0921\u093c\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0909\u0928\u092e\u0947\u0902 \u0938\u0947 \u090f\u0915 \u091a\u0940\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0906\u0938-\u092a\u093e\u0938 \u092d\u093e\u0917\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092e\u0902\u0926\u093f\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0928\u0940\u091a\u0947 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u093e\u0917\u092e\u0924\u0940 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092c\u0939\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u094b\u0917 \u0928\u0926\u0940 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092b\u0942\u0932 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0924\u094d\u0924\u0947 \u0917\u093f\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u092c\u094c\u0926\u094d\u0927\u0928\u093e\u0925 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0942\u092a \u0915\u093e \u0935\u093e\u0924\u093e\u0935\u0930\u0923 \u0936\u093e\u0902\u0924\u093f\u092e\u092f \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0938\u094d\u0924\u0942\u092a \u0915\u093e \u090f\u0915 \u092c\u0921\u093c\u093e \u0938\u092b\u0947\u0926 \u0917\u0941\u0902\u092c\u0926 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u094b\u0908 \u092d\u0940\u0921\u093c \u0928\u091c\u093c\u0930 \u0928\u0939\u0940\u0902 \u0906\u0924\u0940\u0964)<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Question 2.
\nHow does the author describe Kathmandu’s busiest streets?
\n(\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0920\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0941 \u0915\u0940 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0938\u094d\u0924 \u0917\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?)
\nOr
\nHow does the author describe Kathmandu’s bazaar?
\n(\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0920\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0915\u0948\u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948?)
\nAnswer:
\nThe author describes the bazaar of Kathmandu in detail. He notices everything. The bazaar is full of life. There are fruit sellers, flute sellers, hawkers of postcards and shops selling western cosmetics. He also finds shops selling film rolls, chocolates, copper utensils and Nepalese antiques.<\/p>\n
There is a lot of noise in the bazaar. The author hears radios playing film songs loudly. There are also sounds of car horns, bicycle bells, lowing by stray cows. Vendors are shouting loudly to sell their wares.<\/p>\n
The author wanders in the bazaar aimlessly. He buys a bar of marzipan. He finds a vendor selling com roasted inacharcoal brazier. He buysacorn-on-the cob. Itis rubbed with salt, chilli powder and lemon. He also enjoys Coca Cola and an orange drink. He buys two magazines also. Thus the bazaar of Kathmandu is full of life and vigour.<\/p>\n
(\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u093e\u0920\u092e\u093e\u0902\u0921\u0941 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u093e \u0935\u0930\u094d\u0923\u0928 \u0935\u093f\u0938\u094d\u0924\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0939 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u091a\u0940\u091c \u0926\u0947\u0916\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u091c\u0940\u0935\u0928 \u0938\u0947 \u092d\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0941\u0906 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u092b\u0932 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947, \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0901 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947, \u092a\u094b\u0938\u094d\u091f\u0915\u093e\u0930\u094d\u0921\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u092b\u0947\u0930\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0914\u0930 \u092a\u0936\u094d\u091a\u093f\u092e\u0940 \u0938\u094c\u0902\u0926\u0930\u094d\u092f \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u093e\u0927\u0928 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u0941\u0915\u093e\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e \u0915\u0940 \u0930\u0940\u0932\u0947\u0902, \u091a\u0949\u0915\u0932\u0947\u091f, \u0924\u093e\u0902\u092c\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0930\u094d\u0924\u0928 \u0914\u0930 \u0928\u0947\u092a\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u092a\u0941\u0930\u093e\u0924\u0928 \u0935\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u090f\u0901 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0935\u093e\u0932\u0940 \u0926\u0941\u0915\u093e\u0928\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0928\u091c\u093c\u0930 \u0906\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n
\u092c\u093e\u091c\u093c\u093e\u0930 \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0936\u094b\u0930 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u094b \u092b\u093f\u0932\u094d\u092e\u0940 \u0917\u093e\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0941\u090f \u0930\u0947\u0921\u093f\u092f\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u093e\u0908 \u0926\u0947\u0924\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0907\u0938\u0915\u0947 \u0905\u0924\u093f\u0930\u093f\u0915\u094d\u0924 \u0935\u0939\u093e\u0901 \u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0947 \u0939\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0928, \u0938\u093e\u0907\u0915\u093f\u0932\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0940 \u0918\u091f\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0914\u0930 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u0930\u093e \u0917\u093e\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0947 \u0930\u0902\u092d\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0940 \u0906\u0935\u093e\u091c\u0947\u0902 \u092d\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u092b\u0947\u0930\u0940\u0935\u093e\u0932\u0947 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0938\u093e\u092e\u093e\u0928 \u092c\u0947\u091a\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u091c\u094b\u0930-\u091c\u094b\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u091a\u093f\u0932\u094d\u0932\u093e \u0930\u0939\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964<\/p>\n
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<\/p>\n
Question 3.
\n“To hear any flute is to be drawn into the commonality of all mankind.” Why does the author say that?
\n(“\u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0928\u093e \u092a\u0942\u0930\u0940 \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e \u0915\u093e \u091c\u0928-\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b\u0928\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964” \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0910\u0938\u093e \u0915\u094d\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0964)
\nAnswer:
\nThe author says that there are five kinds of flutes. They are the reed neh, the recorder, the Japanese Shakuhachi, the deep bansuri and the cross flute. Each flute has its specific fingering and compass. It weaves its own association.<\/p>\n
The flute is found in each culture in one form or the other. To hear any flute draws one very close to that culture. The author says that he can be so affected by a few familiar phrases on the bansuri, surprises him at first. Thus the sound of the flute draws a person into the commonality of all mankind.<\/p>\n
(\u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u092a\u093e\u0901\u091a \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u0939\u094b\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0902\u0964 \u0935\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u093f\u092f\u093e\u0902 \u0939\u0948\u0902 : \u0938\u0930\u0915\u0902\u0921\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0928\u0947\u0939, \u0930\u093f\u0915\u0949\u0930\u094d\u0921\u0930, \u091c\u093e\u092a\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0940 \u0936\u0915\u0941\u0939\u093e\u091a\u0940, \u0917\u0939\u0930\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0914\u0930 \u0915\u094d\u0930\u0949\u0938 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u092c\u091c\u093e\u0928\u0947 \u0915\u0947 \u0932\u093f\u090f \u0909\u0902\u0917\u0932\u093f\u092f\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u093e \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0922\u0902\u0917 \u0914\u0930 \u0926\u093e\u092f\u0930\u093e \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0905\u092a\u0928\u093e \u0905\u0932\u0917 \u0938\u0902\u092c\u0902\u0927 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0938\u094d\u0924\u0941\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0924\u094d\u092f\u0947\u0915 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u092e\u0947\u0902 \u090f\u0915 \u092f\u093e \u0926\u0942\u0938\u0930\u0947 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u093e\u0908 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0915\u093f\u0938\u0940 \u092d\u0940 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0915\u0940 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0928\u093e \u092e\u0928\u0941\u0937\u094d\u092f \u0915\u094b \u0909\u0938 \u0938\u0902\u0938\u094d\u0915\u0943\u0924\u093f \u0915\u0947 \u092c\u0939\u0941\u0924 \u0928\u093f\u0915\u091f \u0932\u0947 \u091c\u093e\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0932\u0947\u0916\u0915 \u0915\u0939\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948 \u0915\u093f \u0935\u0939 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u092a\u0930 \u0915\u0941\u091b \u0927\u0941\u0928\u094b\u0902 \u0915\u094b \u0938\u0941\u0928\u0915\u0930 \u0907\u0924\u0928\u093e \u092a\u094d\u0930\u092d\u093e\u0935\u093f\u0924 \u0939\u094b \u0938\u0915\u0924\u093e \u0939\u0948, \u092f\u0939 \u092c\u093e\u0924 \u0909\u0938\u0947 \u0939\u0948\u0930\u093e\u0928 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964 \u0907\u0938 \u092a\u094d\u0930\u0915\u093e\u0930 \u0938\u0947 \u092c\u093e\u0902\u0938\u0941\u0930\u0940 \u0915\u0940 \u0927\u0941\u0928 \u0935\u094d\u092f\u0915\u094d\u0924\u093f \u0915\u094b \u092e\u093e\u0928\u0935\u0924\u093e \u091c\u0928-\u0938\u093e\u0927\u093e\u0930\u0923 \u0915\u0940 \u0913\u0930 \u0906\u0915\u0930\u094d\u0937\u093f\u0924 \u0915\u0930\u0924\u0940 \u0939\u0948\u0964)<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Thinking about language<\/span><\/p>\nI. Read the following sentences carefully to understand’the meaning of the italicised phrases. Then match the phrasal verbs in Column A with their meanings in Column B.<\/span><\/p>\n1. A communal war broke out when the princess was abducted by the neighbouring prince.
\n2. The cockpit broke off from the plane during the plane crash.
\n3. The car broke down on the way and we were left stranded in the jungle.
\n4. The dacoit broke away from the police as they took him to court.
\n5. The brothers broke up after the death of the father.
\n6. The thief broke into our house when we were away.<\/p>\n
\n\n\nA<\/td>\n | B<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
\n(i) break out<\/td>\n | (a) to come apart due to force<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
\n(ii) break off<\/td>\n | (b) end a relationship<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
\n(iii) break down<\/td>\n | (c) break and enter illegally, unlawful trespassing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
\n(iv) break away (from someone)<\/td>\n | (d) to start suddenly, (usually a fight, a war or a disease)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
\n(v) break up<\/td>\n | (e) to escape from someone\u2019s grip<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n |
\n(vi) break into<\/td>\n | (f) stop working<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Answer:<\/p>\n \n\n\nA<\/td>\n | B<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n(i) break out<\/td>\n | (d) to start suddenly, (usually a fight, a war or a disease)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n(ii) break off<\/td>\n | (a) to come apart due to force<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n(iii) break down<\/td>\n | (f) stop working<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n(iv) break away (from someone)<\/td>\n | (e) to escape from someone\u2019s grip<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n(v) break up<\/td>\n | (b) end a relationship<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \n(vi) break into<\/td>\n | (c) break and enter illegally unlawful trespassing<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n II.<\/span><\/p>\nQuestion 1. \nUse the suffixes -ion or -don to form nouns from the following verbs. Make the necessary changes in the spellings of the words. \nExample : proclaim – proclamation<\/p>\n \n\n\ncremate ______<\/td>\n | act ______<\/td>\n | exhaust ______<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \ninvent ______<\/td>\n | tempt ______<\/td>\n | immigrate ______<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \ndirect ______<\/td>\n | meditate ______<\/td>\n | imagine ______<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \ndislocate ______<\/td>\n | associate ______<\/td>\n | dedicate ______<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n Answer:<\/p>\n \n\n\ncremation<\/td>\n | action<\/td>\n | exhaustion<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \ninvention<\/td>\n | temptation<\/td>\n | immigration<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \ndirection<\/td>\n | meditation<\/td>\n | imagination<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n | \ndislocation<\/td>\n | association<\/td>\n | dedication<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n <\/p>\n Question 2. \nNow fill in the blanks with suitable words from the ones that you have formed. \n(i) Mass literacy was possible only after the _________ the of printing machine. \n(ii) Ramesh is unable to tackle the situation as he lacks _________ . \n(iii) I could not resist the _________ to open the letter. \n(iv) Hardwork and _________ are the main keys to success. \n(v) The children were almost fainting with _________ after being made to stand in the sun. \nAnswer: \n(i) Mass literacy was possible only after the invention of printing machine. \n(ii) Ramesh is unable to tackle the situation as he lacks dedication. \n(iii) I could resist the temptation to open the letter. \n(iv) Hardwork and action are the main boys to success. \n(v) The children were almost fainting with exhaustion after being made to stand in the sun.<\/p>\n III. Punctuation<\/span><\/p>\nUse capital letters, full stops, question marks, commas and inverted commas wherever necessary in the following paragraph : \nan arrogant lion was wandering through the jungle one day he asked the tiger who is stronger than you you O lion replied the tiger who is more fierce than a leopard asked the lion you sir replied the leopard he marched upto an elephant and asked the same question the elephant picked him up in his trunk swung him in the air and threw him down look said the lion there is no need to get mad just because you don\u2019t know the answer \nAnswer: \nAn arrogant lion was wandering through the jungle. One day he asked the tiger, \u201cWho is stronger than you?\u201d \u201cYou, O lion,\u201d replied the tiger. \u201cWho is more fierce than a leopard?\u201d asked the lion. \u201cYou, sir,\u201d replied the leopard. He marched upto an elephant and asked the same question. The elephant picked him up in his trunk, swung him in the air and threw him down. \u201cLook!\u201d, said the lion. \u201cThere is no need to get mad just because you don\u2019t know the answer.\u201d<\/p>\n <\/p>\n IV. Simple Present Tense<\/span><\/p>\nStudy these sentences from the lesson<\/p>\n | | | |