HBSE 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 2 New Kings and Kingdoms

Haryana State Board HBSE 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 2 New Kings and Kingdoms Textbook Exercise Questions and Answers.

Haryana Board 7th Class Social Science Solutions History Chapter 2 New Kings and Kingdoms

HBSE 7th Class History New Kings and Kingdoms Years Textbook Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Match the following:

Gurjara-Pratiharas	Western Deccan
Rashtrakutas	Gujarat and Rajasthan
Palas	Bengal
Cholas	Tamil Nadu

Answer:

Gurjara-Pratiharas	Gujarat and Rajasthan
Rashtrakutas	Western Deccan
Palas	Bengal
Cholas	Tamil Nadu

Question 2.
Who were the parties involved in the tripartite struggle?
Answer:
Palas-Rashtrakutas and Pratiharas were the parties involved in the tripartite struggle.

Question 3.
What were the qualifications necessary to become a ‘member of a committee of Sabha in the Chola empire?
Answer:
Qualifications necessary to become a member of a committee of the Sabha in the Chola Empire:
(a) Prominent Brahamanas landlords.
(b) His name must have been selected when a young boy picks up the ticket of the eligible members from each committee.

Question 4.
What were the two major cities under the control of the Chahamanas ?
Answer:
Delhi and Ajmer were the two major cities under the control of the Chahamanas.

LET’S UNDERSTAND

Question 5.
How did the Rashtrakutas become powerful?
Answer:
(a) In the mid-8th century, Dantidurga, a Rashtrakuta chief, killed his Chalukyan king.
(b) He also performed hirany,a-garbha ritual, after which he was thought to have taken “rebirth” as a Kshatriya.
(c) Thus, he established the Rashtrakuta dynasty in Deccan.

Question 6.
What did the new dynasty do to gain acceptance?
Answer:
The new dynasties performed holy rituals with the help of Brahmanas in order to gain acceptance. For example, hiranya- garbha ritual performed by low caste Dantidurga the Rashtrakuta chief.

Question 7.
What kind of irrigation works were developed in the Tamil Nadu?
Answer:
The following kinds of irrigation works developed in the Tamil Nadu:
(a) In the delta regions canals were constructed to carry water to the fields.
(b) In some areas, well were dug.
(c) In other places, huge tanks were constructed to collect rainwater.

Question 8.
What were the activities associated with Chola temples?
Answer:
The activities associated with the temples were:
(a) Chola temples were the nuclei of settlement which grew around them.
(b) Temples were the centre of the craft production.
(c) Temples were endowed with the land of the rulers as well as by others. The produce of the land went to maintain all the specialist who worked at the temple.
(d) Temples were not only the places of worship, they were the hub of social, culture and economic life.

LET’S DISCUSS

Question 9.
Look at map once more and find out whether there were any kingdoms in the state in which you life.

Answer:
I am living in Delhi and it was ruled by Chauhanas dynasty between 11th and 12th century. Their most famous ruler was Prithviraja Chauhan.

LET’S DO

Question 11.
Compare the temple shown in this chapter with any present-day temple in your neighbourhood, highlighting any similarities and differences that you notice.
Answer:
Try in the classroom with the help of your teacher
(Hint: Write the salient features of the temples discussed in this chapter and compare with the temple of your locality.)

Question 12.
Find out more about taxes that are collected at present. Are these in cash, kind or labour services?
Answer:
Land tax, property tax, water tax, tax on electricity, tax on buying and selling are the examples of the taxes collected at present. They are paid in cash.

Question 13.
Locate the Gujara- Pratiharas, Rashtrakutas, Palas, Cholas and Chahamanas (Chauhans). Can you identify the present day states over which they exercised control?
Answer:
The following table shows the present-day states over which they exercised Control:
Table

Question 14.
Do you think being born as a Kshatriya was important in order to become a ruler during this period?
Answer:
No, it was not important to be born as a Kshatriya in order to become a ruler during this period. This is because any lower caste person could oyer throw rulers and become king by performing rituals with the help of Brahmanas. For example, Dantidurga, a Rashtrakuta chief became king by killing Chalukya ruler and by performing ritual.

Question 15.
(i) Are any such taxes (as Vetti, Kadamai etc.) collected today?
Answer:
Only a few of such taxes are collected today. For example, land revenue.

(ii) In what ways was this form of administration different from the present-day system?
Answer:
In the present-day administrative system, there are no such kings who claim high sounding titles and share power with Samantas, peasants, traders and Brahmanas. Today, we live in a democratic, republic administrative system in which the ruler is elected by the general people who is the first servant of public.

Question 16.
See if you can find some of the areas mentioned in the inscription of Map 1. Other rulers made similar claims as well. Why do you think they made these claims?
Answer:
The other rulers, who made such claims, also wanted to be presented as valiant, victorious warriors.

Question 17.
List all the possible sources of irrigation mentioned in the inscription, and discuss how these might have been used.
Answer:
(a) The possible sources of irrigation mentioned in the inscription are: waterland, wells, canals, ditches, rivers, siltladen land, tanks, fishponds and deep lakes.

(b) These irrigation sources might have been used to water small and large tracts of land as per their suitability of providing amount of water to that track of land.

Question 18.
(i) Look at Map 1 and suggest reasons why these rulers wanted to control Kanauj and the Ganga valley.
Answer:
(a) Kanauj lied on the bank of river Ganga. ft was the most fertile land as the irrigation water was readily available from river Ganga.
(b) It also enjoyed the most central position in the sub-continent
(c) Also control of river waters resulted in the navigation which was most essential for inland and international trades.

(ii) Look at Map 1 again and discuss why the Chaha-manas may have wanted to expand their territories.
Answer:
(a) The dynasty of Chahamanas enjoyed the central position in the subcontinent. It, therefore may have wanted to expand its territories in all the directions.

(b) It also must have enjoyed enormous resources needed for the expansion of territories, as their domain lied in the fertile land irrigated by the waters of Yamuna and Ganga rivers.

(c) Therefore, it must have been the wealthiest of all the neighbouring dynasties. And a wealthy king can only think of wedging a war against its neighbours.

Question 19.
How did the Cholas rise to power?
Answer:
(a) Vijayalaya, a Chola chief from Uraiyur captured the Kaveri delta from a Samanta (subordinate) of Pallava king.
(b) He gradually conquered neighbour-ing regions and thus established Chola kingdom by defeating Pallava and Pandya kings.
(c) The Chola kingdom was consolidated under Rajaraja I and his son Rajendra I.

Question 20.
How as the administration organised?
Answer:
The Chola administration was organised in the village councils and Nadu, groups of peasant villages. Nadu worked under the supervision of Central Chola government, which was controlled by Chola kings.

Question 21.
(i) Do you think women participated in these assemblies? In your view are lotteried useful in choosing members of committees?
Answer:
(a) No, I don’t think women participated in these assemblies.
(b) Lottery system is often use in choosing members of committees. But in my view, elections are the best way to do so.

(ii) Were there any Brahmanas in this hamlet?
Answer:
No, there were no Brahmanas in this hamlet.

(iii) Describe all the activities that were taking place in the village.
Answer:
These activities were as under:
(i) Little chickens wee moving around.
(ii) Dark children, who wore black iron bracelets, were prancing about
(iii) Babies of females labourers were sleeping in the shades of marudu (Arjuna) trees
(iv) Pulaiya women were singing as they were husking paddy.

(iv) Why do you think temple inscriptions ignore these activities?
Answer:
The temple inscriptions ignored these activities because:
(a) These activities were of low caste or outcaste people
(b) Brahmanas, always wanted to praise their partons through temple inscription and they always showed down the low caste people.

Question 22.
In what ways was this system different from those prevalent in the Indian subcontinent?
Answer:
People were not recuited through examination in the administrative system of Indian subcontinent. The Samantas associations of peasants, traders and artisans were generally given administrative responsibilities in Indian subcontinent. Imagine

Question 23.
You are present in an election for a sabha. Describe what you see and hear.
Answer:
(a) In a sabha election, there are various voices which are put down when the nominations for the election are announced.
(b) The paper is distributed for the names of candidates to be written on it.
(c) A young boy is called upon and asked to take out one slip from the box, in which all slips, with the names of candidates were put in.
(d) The name of the selected candidate is announced and everyone congratulates him.

HBSE 7th Class History New Kings and Kingdoms Important Questions and Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Who was Kalhana?
Answer:
Kalhana was a Kashmiri historian of 12th century. He composed a long Sanskrit poem on rulers of Kashmir.

Question 2.
Who wrote a Kitab-al-Hind?
Answer:
The Arabic scholar Al-Biruni wrote the Kitab-al-Hind. He consulted Sanskrit scholars to prepare this account.

Question 3.
Who built the town of Thanjavur?
Answer:
The Chola chief Vijayalaya built the town of Thanjavur and a temple for goddess Nishumbhasudini there.

Question 4.
Which famous inscription gives details of Chola administration?
Answer:
The inscription from Uttaramerur, in Chingleput district, Tamil Nadu, gives details of Chola administration.

Short Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
Give the high sounding titles of medieval rulers.
Answer:
The medieval rulers claimed the titles such as Maharaja-adhiraja (great king, over lord of kings), tribhuvan-chakravartin (lord of the three worlds and so on).

Question 2.
Who was Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni?
Answer:
Mahmud of Ghazni was an Afghani ruler who raided the subcontinent temples, including Somnath, Gujarat, during early 11th century.

Question 3.
Who was Rajendra I?
Answer:
Rajendra I was a great Chola ruler, son of Rajendra I expanded Chola rule in Ganga Valley, Sri Lanka and countries of southeast Asia.

Question 4.
From where were resources collected in medieval states of subcontinent?
Answer:
The medieval states of subcontinent collected resources from:
(a) the producers: peasant, cattle-keepers and artisans.
(b) land revenue.
(c) taxes from traders and merchants.

Question 5.
How did Kalhana write the history of rulers of Kashmir?
Answer:
Kalhana used a variety of sources, including inscriptions, documents, eyewitness accounts and earlier histories to write his account.

Long Answer Type Questions

Question 1.
How did the Cholas rise to power?
Answer:
(a) Vijayalaya a Chola chief from Uraiyur, captured the Kaveri delta from the Muttaraiyar (Samanta of Pallava king) in the middle of the 19th century.
(b) He gradually conquered neighbouring regions and thus established Chola kingdom by defeating Pallava and Pandya kings.
(c) The Chola kingdom was consolidated under Rajaraja I and his son Rajendra I.

Map Time

Question 1.
On the outline map of India, show the following areas of the Chola kingdom:
(i) Madurai
(ii) Thanjavur
(iii) Gangaikonda Cholapuram
(iv) Kanchi
Answer:

New Kings and Kingdoms Class 7 HBSE Notes

• Dynasty: A succession of rulers in .one line of descent.
• Tripartite struggle: Struggle for supremacy among Palas; Pratihars and Rashtrakutas are known as the tripartite struggle.
• Feudatories: Feudal states were known as Feudatories.
• Kingdom: A union of states.
• Revenue: The tax traders had to pay to their lords.
• Samanthas: The subordinates of kings or overlords who used to brin£ gifts for their kings or overloads.
• Sabha: The assembly of Brahmanas.